An array of pixels of a solid-state imaging sensor having a rolling shutter is sequentially exposed to capture images from an illuminated target over successive frames for image capture by an imaging reader. The target is illuminated at a peak output power level for a fractional time period of a frame, and is not illuminated for at least a portion of a remaining time period of the frame for increased energy efficiency. Only a sub-array of the pixels is exposed during the fractional time period in which the target is being illuminated at the first output power level.

A compact and lighter image capturing device of increased spatial resolution (relative to the heads up scanners) and having a higher speed operates as a contact type document scanner. This scanner includes a static 2D array of lenses optically coupled to a static 2D array of color digital image sensors. A static light source dimensioned to match the surface of the document ensures a uniform illumination of the entire document. The entire document or any desired portions of the document can be scanned and saved without any mechanical movements. This scanner also works in a video-camera mode and a dedicated display is used to pre-proof and visualize live any image portions or the entire document before the image of the document is saved in a dedicated memory. The color balance and the position of the document and can be thus adjusted prior to scanning it by using its live image. An image segmentation mode is also available, where the display has a touch screen function coupled to the scanner that is used to select and or mask only some areas of the document that need to be scanned individually. This requires customized changes in the illumination and or image capturing. In one mode of operation, the scanner can be also fully used independently from a computer.

A three-dimensional object printer generates image data of an object being formed in the printer with an optical sensor array and identifies the color of an upper surface of the object. The controller compares the identified color to a predetermined range about an expected color for the upper surface and operates ejectors to eject material of a color different than the identified color in response to the identified color being outside of the predetermined range.

A three-dimensional object printer generates image data of an object being formed in the printer with a plurality of light sources and a plurality of optical sensor arrays. A controller receives the image data and identifies measurements of the object and of the features of the object. The controller compares the measurements to expected measurements and adds material or removes material from the object in response to the identified measurements being outside a predetermined range about the expected measurements.

An image reading device including an image data reading unit that reads an image on a medium and obtains image data, and a display unit that displays one or more of the image data and converted display information. The converted display information is produced by conversion processing of display information obtained from the image data read by the image data reading unit. The image data reading unit and the displaying unit each have a sheet-like shape such that the image reading device has a sheet-like shape.

A three-dimensional object printer generates image data of an object being formed in the printer with an optical sensor and identifies the heights of object features above a substrate on which the object is being formed. A controller operates one or more actuators to move the optical sensor at a plurality of distances above the object to generate image data of the object at a plurality of heights above the object. The controller identifies the distances of the features of the object with reference to the image data generated by the optical sensor and the focal length of the optical sensor.

An image scanner, which is incorporated in an image forming apparatus, includes a stationary-document reading section, a moving-document reading section disposed at an angle to the stationary-document reading section, a reader movable between the stationary-document reading section and the moving-document reading section, and a reading element movable to different angles while contacting the stationary-document reading section and the moving-document reading section to selectively read a document placed on the stationary-document reading section and a document moving over the moving-document reading section. The image scanner further includes any one of position detector, a combination of a moving device and at least one position sensor, and a combination of at least one pressing member, a framework, and an angle changer.

A photoelectric conversion device includes a current consumption circuit configured to consume current such that a difference between a current consumption during a blanking period and a current consumption during a standby period is reduced.

An imaging element includes: a plurality of pixel units configured to each include a plurality of light receiving elements performing photoelectric conversion; a plurality of analog-to-digital (A/D) converters configured to be provided to each of the pixel units for sequentially converting an analog signal obtained by photoelectric conversion performed by the light receiving elements to a digital signal; a plurality of first holding units configured to be provided to each of the pixel units for sequentially holding a digital signal obtained by conversion performed by the A/D converters; and a plurality of second holding units configured to receive and hold a digital signal held by the first holding units in a period when the A/D converters do not convert an analog signal to a digital signal.

An optical member includes a lens array including lens bodies, and transmissive members. The transmissive members are made of a material having a uniform refractive index, and are disposed at positions nearer an object to be read or at positions farther from the object to be read than the corresponding lens bodies are disposed. The transmissive members have a columnar shape extending along the optical axes of the lens bodies, and allow light incident through one end faces to exit through the other end faces. The optical axes of the lens bodies are deviated from the central axes of the transmissive members corresponding to the respective lens bodies at least in the sub-scanning direction, and an end face of the transmissive member to which an end face of each lens body is opposed is thereby an end face of the corresponding transmissive member.