Provided is an image display apparatus that projects an image with high contrast by use of a phase modulation technology. An image display apparatus includes a trained neural network model that estimates a phase modulation distribution corresponding to an output target image, a phase modulation section that performs phase modulation on incident light in reference to the phase modulation distribution estimated by the trained neural network model, a luminance modulation section that performs luminance modulation on phase modulated light output from the phase modulation section, and a control section that outputs, to a predetermined position, the incident light subjected to the phase modulation and the luminance modulation.

An electronic device comprises a projector that is configured to project an image and a control unit. The control unit is configured to control an orientation of the image to be projected to a first orientation and onto a first surface when the electronic device is in a first attitude, and to control the orientation of the image to be projected to a second orientation different from the first orientation and onto a second surface different from the first surface when the electronic device is in a second attitude different from the first attitude.

A projection display apparatus of the present disclosure includes a solid state light source that emits blue light in a first wavelength range; a wheel having a light-emitting body that emits emission light in a second wavelength range closer to the longer wavelengths than the first wavelength range is and adjacent to the first wavelength range, in response to irradiation with the blue light; a light uniformizing element that uniformizes the blue light and the emission light; a light modulation element that modulates light uniformized by the light uniformizing element; and a projection unit that projects the light modulated by the light modulation element. An end of the light-emitting body that the blue light enters has a dichroic coating that partly reflects the blue light and transmits emission light.

An image display unit includes a first unit fixed to a receiving frame, a second unit, movably supported by the first unit, including an image generator to generate an image when light enters the image generator, and a first link unit to supportingly fix the first unit to the receiving frame, and a space between the first unit and the receiving frame adjustable by the first link unit.

To provide a semiconductor device, a liquid crystal display device, and an electronic device which have a wide viewing angle and in which the number of manufacturing steps, the number of masks, and manufacturing cost are reduced compared with a conventional one. The liquid crystal display device includes a first electrode formed over an entire surface of one side of a substrate; a first insulating film formed over the first electrode; a thin film transistor formed over the first insulating film; a second insulating film formed over the thin film transistor; a second electrode formed over the second insulating film and having a plurality of openings; and a liquid crystal over the second electrode. The liquid crystal is controlled by an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode.

An optical device includes a first polarization selective reflector positioned in a first orientation so that the first polarization selective reflector: receives first light in a first direction; redirects a first portion, of the first light, having a first polarization to a second direction that is non-parallel to the first direction; and receives second light in a third direction and transmit a first portion, of the second light. A second polarization selective reflector positioned in a second orientation non-parallel to the first orientation, and adjacent to the first polarization selective reflector so that the second polarization selective reflector: receives third light in a fourth direction; redirects a first portion, of the third light, having the first polarization to a fifth direction that is non-parallel to the fourth direction; and receives fourth light in a sixth direction and transmit a first portion, of the fourth light having the second polarization.

Dual or multi-modulation display system are disclosed that comprise projector systems with at least one modulator that may employ non-mechanical beam steering modulation. Many embodiments disclosed herein employ a non-mechanical beam steering and/or polarizer to provide for a highlights modulator.

A projection system includes a light source system for generating a first light beam in a first timing sequence and for generating a second light beam in a second timing sequence, the first light beam comprising a first light and a first compensation light and the second light beam comprising a second light or comprising the second light and a first compensation light. A light splitting device sequentially divides the first light beam and the second light beam into a light transmitting along a first light path and a light transmitting along a second light path. A first light modulating device modulates the light travelling along the first light path, and a second light modulating device modulates the light travelling along the second light path. The first light or the second light is compensated by the first compensation light to have a wider color gamut of a synthesized color image.

A projector includes a projection lens and a projector body. In the projection lens, a U-shaped optical path is formed by optical axis to optical axis. A lens barrel is a U-shaped barrel. A housing of the projector body includes a storage section. The projection lens is supported rotatably about the optical axis with respect to the housing, in an up-down direction and a right-left direction of the housing perpendicular to the optical axis, between a first position where the projection lens is stored inside a storage section provided in the housing and a second position where the projection lens is protruding from the housing.

A method of generating uniform large-scale optical focus arrays (LOT As) with a phase spatial light modulator includes identifying and removing undesired phase rotation in the iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA), thereby producing computer-generated holograms of highly uniform LOT As using a reduced number of iterations as compared to a weighted Gerch-berg-Saxton algorithm. The method also enables a faster compensation of optical system-induced LOT A intensity inhomogeneity than the conventional IFTA.