Disclosed is a method for encoding a first image in a set of images, in which the first image is cut into blocks, each block being encoded according to one from a plurality of encoding modes including at least one temporal correlation prediction encoding mode using a plurality of images from the set of images. The method includes, for a current block of the first image: determining a first motion estimation vector of the current block, determining a value of a visual distortion metric for a temporal correlation prediction encoding mode, the visual distortion metric using a distance between a first temporal prediction vector of the current block pointing to the second image and the first motion estimation vector of the current block, and using the value of the visual distortion metric to encode the current block.

A video encoder that utilizes adaptive interpolation filtering for coding video data includes a prediction unit, a reconstruction unit, a reference picture buffer, a filter parameter estimator for estimating filter parameters according to the original video data and the predicted samples, and an adaptive interpolation filter for utilizing the stored filter parameters to perform filtering on the reconstructed video data.

A video encoder that utilizes adaptive interpolation filtering for coding video data includes a prediction unit, a reconstruction unit, a reference picture buffer, a filter parameter estimator for estimating filter parameters according to the original video data and the predicted samples, and an adaptive interpolation filter for utilizing the stored filter parameters to perform filtering on the reconstructed video data.

A video fidelity measure is determined for a video sequence (1) by determining distorted and original difference pictures (30, 40) as pixel-wise differences between pixels (14, 24) in a distorted picture (10) and corresponding pixels (24) in an original picture (20) and between pixels in a preceding distorted picture (11) and corresponding pixels in a preceding original picture (21). First and second maps representing distortions in pixel values between the distorted and original pictures (10, 20) turd between distorted and original difference pictures (30, 40) are determined. Third and sixth maps are determined as respective aggregations of local variabilities in pixels values in the distorted and original pictures (10, 20) and local variabilities in pixels values in the distorted and original difference pictures (30, 40), respectively. The video fidelity measure is then determined based on the first to third and sixth maps.

An encoder for encoding a plurality of components of an image content region of an image to be encoded is configured for obtaining the plurality of components representing the image content region; selecting an intercomponent transform from a set of intercomponent transforms; encoding the plurality of components using the selected intercomponent transform to obtain encoded components; and providing the encoded components.

An apparatus for encoding an image block includes a processor that presents, to a machine-learning model, the image block, obtains the partition decision for encoding the image block from the model, and encodes the image block using the partition decision. The model is trained to output a partition decision for encoding the image block by using training data for a plurality of training blocks as input, the training data including for a training block, partition decisions for encoding the training block, and, for each partition decision, a rate-distortion value resulting from encoding the training block using the partition decision. The model is trained using a loss function combining a partition loss function based upon a relationship between the partition decisions and respective predicted partitions, and a rate-distortion cost loss function based upon a relationship between the rate-distortion values and respective predicted rate-distortion values.

Provided are an inter prediction method and a motion compensation method. The inter prediction method includes: performing inter prediction on a current image by using a long-term reference image stored in a decoded picture buffer; determining residual data and a motion vector of the current image generated via the inter prediction; and determining least significant bit (LSB) information as a long-term reference index indicating the long-term reference image by dividing picture order count (POC) information of the long-term reference image into most significant bit (MSB) information and the LSB information.

Provided are an inter prediction method and a motion compensation method. The inter prediction method includes: performing inter prediction on a current image by using a long-term reference image stored in a decoded picture buffer; determining residual data and a motion vector of the current image generated via the inter prediction; and determining least significant bit (LSB) information as a long-term reference index indicating the long-term reference image by dividing picture order count (POC) information of the long-term reference image into most significant bit (MSB) information and the LSB information.

A method of encoding input data to generate corresponding encoded data is provided. The method includes encoding the input data into a plurality of symbols in the encoded data, wherein the plurality of symbols represent data as defined by a plurality of palettes indicated and/or included in the encoded data. The method further includes determining mutually different palettes to be used for encoding mutually different parts of the input data, and using the mutually different palettes for encoding the mutually different parts of the input data. Moreover, the method also includes including, within the encoded data, information associating the mutually different palettes with their respective parts of the input data encoded into the encoded data, wherein the information includes palette selection indices for referencing the mutually different palettes on a block-by-block basis.

Disclosed is a data transmission system that transmits data by using a relay. The relay selects a transmission terminal from among a plurality of terminals accessing a base station. A base station transmits base station data to the relay during a first time slot, and the transmission terminal transmits terminal data to the relay. The relay transmits terminal data to the base station during a second time slot, and transmits base station data to the transmission terminal.