Disclosed is a data transmission system that transmits data by using a relay. The relay selects a transmission terminal from among a plurality of terminals accessing a base station. A base station transmits base station data to the relay during a first time slot, and the transmission terminal transmits terminal data to the relay. The relay transmits terminal data to the base station during a second time slot, and transmits base station data to the transmission terminal.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to the assessment on how well and consistent the quality of a video asset satisfies a given target quality level or a time-varying target quality curve, and the optimization on encoding configuration to achieve the best compromise between satisfying the target quality requirement and saving the bit rate/bandwidth cost. The application scope of the present disclosure is generally in, but not limited to, the field of video coding and distributions, including both live and file-based video encoding, broadcasting and streaming systems. Methods and systems implemented based on the present disclosure may achieve the highest accuracy approaching any given target quality with the smoothest quality variation over time, while maximally reduce bit rate/bandwidth and video distribution cost by optimally determining video encoding configurations and parameters.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to the assessment on how well and consistent the quality of a video asset satisfies a given target quality level or a time-varying target quality curve, and the optimization on encoding configuration to achieve the best compromise between satisfying the target quality requirement and saving the bit rate/bandwidth cost. The application scope of the present disclosure is generally in, but not limited to, the field of video coding and distributions, including both live and file-based video encoding, broadcasting and streaming systems. Methods and systems implemented based on the present disclosure may achieve the highest accuracy approaching any given target quality with the smoothest quality variation over time, while maximally reduce bit rate/bandwidth and video distribution cost by optimally determining video encoding configurations and parameters.

Systems and methods are described herein for processing video. An encoder implementing the systems and methods described herein may receive video data comprising a plurality of frames and may partition each frame of the plurality of frames into a plurality of coding units. The encoder may then partition a coding unit into two or more prediction units. The encoder may determine, based on one or more coding parameters, a target bit rate, and characteristics of a human visual system (HVS), a coding mode for each of the two or more prediction units to minimize distortion in the encoded bitstream. The encoder may then determine a residual signal comprising a difference between each of the two or more prediction units and each of one or more corresponding prediction areas in a previously encoded frame and then generate an encoded bitstream comprising the residual signal.

A system for encoding and decoding a video coding block of a multi-view video signal is provided. A decoder is configured to decode a texture-depth video coding block (t.sub.0, d.sub.0) of a first texture frame and a first depth map associated with a first view for providing a decoded texture-depth video coding block (t.sub.0, d.sub.0) and the first depth map. A synthesized predicted texture-depth video coding block (t.sub.syn, d.sub.syn) of a view synthesis texture frame and a view synthesis depth map associated with a second view is generated. An inpainted synthesized predicted texture-depth video coding block is generated. Based on the impainted predicted texture-depth video block, the decoder reconstructs a texture-depth video coding block (t.sub.1, d.sub.1) of a second texture frame and a second depth map associated with the second view. An encoder is configured to encode the texture-depth video coding block in a manner that complements the decoding provided by the decoder.

Optimization of a neural network, for example in a video codec at the decoder side, may be guided to limit overfitting. The encoder may encode video(s) with different qualities for different frames in the video. Low-quality frames may be used as both input and ground-truth during optimization. High-quality frames may be used to optimize the neural network so that higher-quality versions of lower-quality inputs may be predicted. The neural network may be trained to make such predictions by making a prediction based on a constructed low-quality input for which the corresponding high-quality version is known, comparing the prediction to the high-quality version, and fine-tuning the neural network to improve its ability to predict a high-quality version of a low-quality input. To limit overfitting, the neural network may be concurrently or in an alternating fashion trained with low-quality input for which a higher-quality version of the low-quality input is known.

Systems and methods for performing rate-distortion optimization includes receiving an original data corresponding to a block of an image frame, and identifying a reconstructed version of the original data that minimizes a cost function. The cost associated with a particular reconstructed version of the original data may be based on an encoding rate associated with the particular reconstructed version of the original data, and a distortion between the original data and the particular reconstructed version of the original data in response to a supremum norm of error between the original data and the particular reconstructed version of the original data being less than or equal to a threshold value.

Systems and methods for performing rate-distortion optimization includes receiving an original data corresponding to a block of an image frame, and identifying a reconstructed version of the original data that minimizes a cost function. The cost associated with a particular reconstructed version of the original data may be based on an encoding rate associated with the particular reconstructed version of the original data, and a distortion between the original data and the particular reconstructed version of the original data in response to a supremum norm of error between the original data and the particular reconstructed version of the original data being less than or equal to a threshold value.

Disclosed is a data transmission system that transmits data by using a relay. The relay selects a transmission terminal from among a plurality of terminals accessing a base station. A base station transmits base station data to the relay during a first time slot, and the transmission terminal transmits terminal data to the relay. The relay transmits terminal data to the base station during a second time slot, and transmits base station data to the transmission terminal.

Disclosed is a data transmission system that transmits data by using a relay. The relay selects a transmission terminal from among a plurality of terminals accessing a base station. A base station transmits base station data to the relay during a first time slot, and the transmission terminal transmits terminal data to the relay. The relay transmits terminal data to the base station during a second time slot, and transmits base station data to the transmission terminal.