A scalable video decoder is described which is configured to reconstruct a base layer signal from a coded data stream to obtain a reconstructed base layer signal; and reconstruct an enhancement layer signal including spatially or temporally predicting a portion of an enhancement layer signal, currently to be reconstructed, from an already reconstructed portion of the enhancement layer signal to obtain an enhancement layer internal prediction signal; forming, at the portion currently to be reconstructed, a weighted average of an inter-layer prediction signal obtained from the reconstructed base layer signal, and the enhancement layer internal prediction signal to obtain an enhancement layer prediction signal such that a weighting between the inter-layer prediction signal and the enhancement layer internal prediction signal varies over different spatial frequency components; and predictively reconstructing the enhancement layer signal using the enhancement layer prediction signal.

A scalable video decoder is described which is configured to reconstruct a base layer signal from a coded data stream to obtain a reconstructed base layer signal; and reconstruct an enhancement layer signal including spatially or temporally predicting a portion of an enhancement layer signal, currently to be reconstructed, from an already reconstructed portion of the enhancement layer signal to obtain an enhancement layer internal prediction signal; forming, at the portion currently to be reconstructed, a weighted average of an inter-layer prediction signal obtained from the reconstructed base layer signal, and the enhancement layer internal prediction signal to obtain an enhancement layer prediction signal such that a weighting between the inter-layer prediction signal and the enhancement layer internal prediction signal varies over different spatial frequency components; and predictively reconstructing the enhancement layer signal using the enhancement layer prediction signal.

An image processing device includes a buffer for receiving encoded image data, and a processor to execute instructions that cause the processor to: decode the encoded image data from the buffer to generate quantized transform coefficient data; inversely quantize the quantized transform coefficient data using a 16×16 quantization matrix to generate predicted error data, the 16×16 quantization matrix includes a duplicate of at least one of two elements adjacent to each other from an 8×8 quantization matrix; and combine the predicted error data with a predicted image to generate decoded image data.

An image processing device includes a buffer for receiving encoded image data, and a processor to execute instructions that cause the processor to: decode the encoded image data from the buffer to generate quantized transform coefficient data; inversely quantize the quantized transform coefficient data using a 16×16 quantization matrix to generate predicted error data, the 16×16 quantization matrix includes a duplicate of at least one of two elements adjacent to each other from an 8×8 quantization matrix; and combine the predicted error data with a predicted image to generate decoded image data.

A device for encoding/decoding the image according to the present invention includes an intra prediction module configured to: determine an intra prediction mode of a current block; determine a scanning order of multiple sub blocks in the current block on the basis of the determined intra prediction mode; and perform intra prediction of the current block on the basis of the determined scanning order.

A device for encoding/decoding the image according to the present invention includes an intra prediction module configured to: determine an intra prediction mode of a current block; determine a scanning order of multiple sub blocks in the current block on the basis of the determined intra prediction mode; and perform intra prediction of the current block on the basis of the determined scanning order.

Embodiments feature families of rate allocation and rate control methods that utilize advanced processing of past and future frame/field picture statistics and are designed to operate with one or more coding passes. At least two method families include: a family of methods for a rate allocation with picture look-ahead; and a family of methods for average bit rate (ABR) control methods. At least two other methods for each method family are described. For the first family of methods, some methods may involve intra rate control. For the second family of methods, some methods may involve high complexity ABR control and/or low complexity ABR control. These and other embodiments can involve any of the following: spatial coding parameter adaptation, coding prediction, complexity processing, complexity estimation, complexity filtering, bit rate considerations, quality considerations, coding parameter allocation, and/or hierarchical prediction structures, among others.

Embodiments feature families of rate allocation and rate control methods that utilize advanced processing of past and future frame/field picture statistics and are designed to operate with one or more coding passes. At least two method families include: a family of methods for a rate allocation with picture look-ahead; and a family of methods for average bit rate (ABR) control methods. At least two other methods for each method family are described. For the first family of methods, some methods may involve intra rate control. For the second family of methods, some methods may involve high complexity ABR control and/or low complexity ABR control. These and other embodiments can involve any of the following: spatial coding parameter adaptation, coding prediction, complexity processing, complexity estimation, complexity filtering, bit rate considerations, quality considerations, coding parameter allocation, and/or hierarchical prediction structures, among others.

A method of processing an image is proposed, which includes: generating a decoded image by first encoding the image, wherein the first encoding the image includes decoding encoded data generated based on the image, determining estimates of parameters of a parametric model of noise contained in the image based on the decoded image, including the estimates of parameters of the parametric model of noise in an encoded stream generated by second encoding the image.

A method for coding a video implemented in an encoder or a decoder, comprising: determining control point motion vectors, CPMVs, for a block according to affine inter-prediction, according to a preselected affine motion model, the block being an affine block; performing motion compensation for the block using a pixel-based motion vector field according to values of the CPMVs, upon fulfilling at least one of the following conditions: A) for a predefined size of a sub-block of M×M, during processing of one line, respectively, of the sub-block the number of lines of the reference picture is less than N, where N is an integer and N is larger than 2.