A method includes: receiving, by a computer, a user input corresponding to selection of a link associated with an address; determining, by the computer, that the address would not fit in an address bar of a browser displayed on a screen of the computer; and based on the determination that the address would not fit in the address bar of the browser, displaying, by the computer, in the address bar of the browser, a first element of the address and at least part of a second element of the address, including displaying a first portion of the second element of the address and an ellipsis indication representing a second portion of the second element of the address. The display of the first element of the address is visually distinguished from the display of the first portion of the second element of the address.

A method includes: receiving, by a computer, a user input corresponding to selection of a link associated with an address; determining, by the computer, that the address would not fit in an address bar of a browser displayed on a screen of the computer; and based on the determination that the address would not fit in the address bar of the browser, displaying, by the computer, in the address bar of the browser, a first element of the address and at least part of a second element of the address, including displaying a first portion of the second element of the address and an ellipsis indication representing a second portion of the second element of the address. The display of the first element of the address is visually distinguished from the display of the first portion of the second element of the address.

An encoding method includes; acquiring a first image; separating the first image into a plurality of second images by extracting a pixel in the first image after every predetermined number of pixels in each of horizontal and vertical directions of the first image; and encoding each of the separated second images. By transmitting those pieces of encoded data, even if a packet loss occurs in one of the second images, the missing pixel can be re-generated based on corresponding neighboring pixels in other second images.

A decoder which can detect errors in MPEG-2 coefficient blocks can identify syntactically-correct blocks which have out-of-bounds coefficients. The decoder computes coefficient bounds based on quantization scalers and quantization matrices and compares these to coefficient blocks during decoding; if a block has out-of-bounds coefficients, concealment is performed on the block. In a decoder implemented all in software, coefficient bounds checking is performed on iDCT coefficients against upper and lower bounds in a spatial domain. In a decoder which performs iDCT in hardware, DCT coefficients are compared to an upper energy bound.

A decoder which can detect errors in MPEG-2 coefficient blocks can identify syntactically-correct blocks which have out-of-bounds coefficients. The decoder computes coefficient bounds based on quantization scalers and quantization matrices and compares these to coefficient blocks during decoding; if a block has out-of-bounds coefficients, concealment is performed on the block. In a decoder implemented all in software, coefficient bounds checking is performed on iDCT coefficients against upper and lower bounds in a spatial domain. In a decoder which performs iDCT in hardware, DCT coefficients are compared to an upper energy bound.

A hybrid error concealment method including: receiving an image including a source area and a restoration area to be restored by means of a decoder; determining a target patch in which a target pixel having the highest priority is at the center among pixels positioned in a boundary area of the restoration area by means of the decoder; and performing restoring by exemplar-based image inpainting for the target patch based on a difference between the target patch and the final source patch of the source area or performing spatial interpolation for the target pixel by means of the decoder.

A hybrid error concealment method including: receiving an image including a source area and a restoration area to be restored by means of a decoder; determining a target patch in which a target pixel having the highest priority is at the center among pixels positioned in a boundary area of the restoration area by means of the decoder; and performing restoring by exemplar-based image inpainting for the target patch based on a difference between the target patch and the final source patch of the source area or performing spatial interpolation for the target pixel by means of the decoder.

An apparatuses for radio access network configuration for video approximate semantic communications includes a transceiver that receives from a transmitter a bitstream corresponding to a video coded data transmission wherein the received bitstream includes bitwise transmission errors and a processor that performs FEC decoding and correcting at least one bitwise transmission error of the video coded data transmission whereas at least one bitwise transmission error is left in a bit-inexact reception of the video coded data transmissions post FEC decoding, applies, by a smart video decoder in a video approximate semantic communications mode, semantic error correction to decoded video coded data transmissions to correct and conceal one or more video artifacts in response to the bit-inexact reception of the video coded data transmissions post FEC decoding, and reconstructs a video uncoded representation of concealed approximate semantic content relative to the received bitstream corresponding to the video coded data transmission.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for video codec aware RAN configuration and unequal error protection coding. An apparatus includes a processor that detects a video coded traffic stream and a video codec specification used to encode the video coded traffic stream, determines an awareness of video coded traffic application data units (“ADUs”) of the video coded traffic stream as video coded network abstraction layer (“NAL”) units of data, aligns the video coded NAL units of the video coded traffic stream to physical layer (“PHY”) transport elements and subsequent channel coding element partitions for a video coded traffic aware PHY transport, determines a channel coding rate allocation of the channel coding element partitions, and applies a forward error correction (“FEC”) coding given at least the determined channel coding rate allocation of the video coded traffic aware PHY transport to channel coding element partitions for protection against radio transmission errors.

This disclosure is directed to a multi-view signal, which includes processing a list of plurality of motion vector candidates-associated with coding block of a current picture in a dependent view of the multi-view signal Such processing includes estimating a first motion vector based on asecond motion vector associated with a reference block in a current picture of a reference view of the multi-view signal, the reference block corresponding to the coding block of the current picture in the dependent view. The first motion vector is added into the list, and an index is used that specifies at least one candidate from the list to be used for motion- compensated prediction. The coding block in the current picture is coded by performing the motion-compensated prediction based on the at least one candidate indicated by the index.