A beam splitting and combining device includes a first prism, a second prism and a first optical film. The first prism includes a first surface, a second surface and a third surface. The second prism includes a fourth surface, a fifth surface and a sixth surface. The fifth surface and the second surface are attached to each other. The first optical film is formed between the second surface and the fifth surface by coating. A beam in a first range of wavelengths is configured to pass through the first surface, the second surface, the first optical film, the fifth surface and the sixth surface in order or in reverse order, or is configured to pass through the first surface and the third surface in order or in reverse order.

A beam splitting and combining device includes a first prism, a second prism and a first optical film. The first prism includes a first surface, a second surface and a third surface. The second prism includes a fourth surface, a fifth surface and a sixth surface. The fifth surface and the second surface are attached to each other. The first optical film is formed between the second surface and the fifth surface by coating. A beam in a first range of wavelengths is configured to pass through the first surface, the second surface, the first optical film, the fifth surface and the sixth surface in order or in reverse order, or is configured to pass through the first surface and the third surface in order or in reverse order.

An electronic device includes a lens, an optical filter asymmetric to an optical axis of the lens, and an image sensor including a visible light image sensor and a non-visible light image sensor. The optical filter has an opening and is configured to transmit visible light and block at least one type of non-visible light. The visible light image sensor is configured to sense the visible light and the non-visible light image sensor is configured to sense the at least one type of non-visible light.

An optical lens assembly includes five lens elements and provides a TTL/EFL<1.0. In an embodiment, the focal length of the first lens element f1<TTL/2, an air gap between first and second lens elements is smaller than half the second lens element thickness, an air gap between the third and fourth lens elements is greater than TTL/5 and an air gap between the fourth and fifth lens elements is smaller than about 1.5 times the fifth lens element thickness. All lens elements may be aspheric.

A novel dual-path-endoscope where a multi-function light source produces a first-light and a second-light toward an object. The first-light exhibits first-light-characteristics. The second-light exhibits second-light-characteristics different from the first-light-characteristics. The endoscope includes two light-paths, the disparity there between is larger than zero. Each light-path includes a respective pupil and a respective light-separator coupled with the pupil, transmitting there through one of the first-light and the second-light, associating the first-light and the second-light with a respective light-path. The dual-channel-imager includes two imager sensors, each associated with a respective light-path and optically coupled with a respective light-separator. Each imaging-sensor exhibits sensitivity to the characteristics of the respective one of the first-light and the second-light. A first imaging-sensor acquires a first-image of the first-light reflected of the object and a second imaging-sensor acquires a second-image of the second-light reflected of the object. The processor processes the acquired images.

[Object] In a configuration in which an image of a target is captured using a plurality of imaging elements, the plurality of imaging elements can be efficiently disposed in a limited space. [Solving Means] A branching optical system includes: a first branching optical system that separates first light belonging to a predetermined wavelength band from incident light in a first direction that is a surface direction of a plane including an optical axis corresponding to a normal direction of an incidence surface on which the incident light is incident; and a second branching optical system that is provided subsequent to the first branching optical system and separates, from second light after the first light is separated from the incident light, third light that is a part of the second light, in a second direction crossing the plane.

An image capture device may capture visible and infrared light, and image analysis may be used to generate a map of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of healthy vegetation. Because NDVI data focuses on red and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of plants, NDVI data may be generated using an aircraft-mounted camera with optical filtering to collect various wavelengths. To reduce the size, weight, complexity, and cost of the image analysis system, a multiband optical filter may be used to capture multiple passbands simultaneously.

A method includes receiving collimated light from an optical imaging system and dividing the received light into multiple bands of wavelength. Each band is refocused onto a corresponding diffraction grating having an amplitude function matched to a point spread function (PSF) of the optical imaging system. The light that is not filtered out by the diffraction grating is transmitted onto a corresponding pixel array. An image is reconstructed from data provided by the pixel arrays for each band. The intensity of light scattered by each diffraction grating may be detected, with the image being reconstructed as a function of an average value of detected intensity of scattered light used to scale the known zero-order mode profile, which is added to the image on the pixel array.

Systems and methods for implementing array cameras configured to perform super-resolution processing to generate higher resolution super-resolved images using a plurality of captured images and lens stack arrays that can be utilized in array cameras are disclosed. Lens stack arrays in accordance with many embodiments of the invention include lens elements formed on substrates separated by spacers, where the lens elements, substrates and spacers are configured to form a plurality of optical channels, at least one aperture located within each optical channel, at least one spectral filter located within each optical channel, where each spectral filter is configured to pass a specific spectral band of light, and light blocking materials located within the lens stack array to optically isolate the optical channels.

An endoscope includes: an aperture portion having an opening to which light from an observation target site is incident; a filter unit that has a plurality of filters and selectively transmits light based on any one of the filters; a color separation prism that is formed by a plurality of separation prisms which separate light, which has transmitted through the filter unit, into beams of light having different color components from each other; a plurality of image sensors that are provided so as to respectively correspond to the separation prisms and capture an image based on the beams of light; a signal output unit that outputs image signals captured by the image sensors respectively; and a filter disposing unit that disposes any one of the plurality of filters so that the light is incident to the disposed one of the plurality of filters.