Systems and methods are provided for determining an optical bypass for an inter-regional wide area network (WAN) for regions of server facilities of a cloud service provider. In particular, the optical bypass connects non-adjacent regional server centers of the WAN by eliminating needs of data conversions at intermediate regional server centers. The determining the optical bypass includes receiving a WAN topology data, capacity and demand information about the WAN. The determining includes an objective function to maximize a number of network resources to free up by determining a revised data flow and bandwidth allocations by introducing the optical bypass in the WAN. The disclosed technology transmits the determined data traffic flow and resource allocation information of the optical bypass, causing a network traffic enforcers to reconfigure the WAN.

An optical switch fabric comprises two or more optical switch elements. The optical switch elements are configured in a topology. A switch control has a plurality of bias control signals. The switch control can address one or more of the optical switch elements and can apply one of the bias control signals to bias of the addressed optical switch element to establish a switch setting. The topology and switch settings determine how each of one of the inputs is connected to each of one of the outputs of the optical switch fabric. The switch settings are determined by a machine learning process which includes a model creation. The model can be made to adapt dynamically during optical switch fabric operation.

Systems and methods to incrementally scale robotic software-defined cross-connects from 100 to more than 100,000 ports are disclosed. A system is comprised of individual cross-connect units that individually scale in increments of say, 96 interconnects in tier 1 to, for example, 1,008 interconnects total. A system comprised of multiple cross-connect units arranged and interconnected in a two-tier approach is disclosed, one which achieves fully non-blocking, any-to-any connectivity with the flexibility to grow incrementally. Methods to build out this system over time, in an incremental and non-service interrupting fashion, are described.

The disclosed embodiments provide an optically switched network system. This system includes a passive optical switch with N inputs and N outputs, which can communicate different wavelengths from each of the N inputs to each of the N outputs. It also includes N end-nodes, and N pairs of optical fibers, wherein each pair connects one of the N end-nodes to one of the N inputs and one of the N outputs. The optically switched network is organized into a virtual data plane and a virtual control plane, which both communicate through the same underlying physical network. The virtual data plane provides any-to-all parallel connectivity for data transmissions among the N end-nodes. The virtual control plane is organized as a ring that serially connects the N end-nodes, wherein the ring communicates arbitration information among distributed-arbitration logic at each of the N end-nodes.

Concepts and technologies directed to optical networking with hybrid optical vortices are disclosed herein. Embodiments can include a system that is configured to perform operations for optical networking with hybrid optical vortices. The system can include a hybrid optical switch that can communicatively couple with another network device via one or more nanofiber communication paths. The operations can include receiving, from a first nanofiber communication path, a hybrid optical vortex that carries an internet protocol packet. The operations also can include decoupling the hybrid optical vortex to extract an optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet. The operations also can include switching the internet protocol packet to a subsequent communication path based on the optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet.

A method includes obtaining the topology of a computer cluster, with first global numbers respectively assigned to the nodes thereof, and implementing, for each pair of nodes, an algorithm adapted for providing a communication route between the nodes, based on respective numbers of the nodes and the topology of the computer cluster. The method further includes selecting nodes and numbering the nodes in order to assign second global numbers thereto, which numbers are different from the first global numbers for at least one part of the selected nodes, the second global numbers of the selected nodes being successively separated by values each of which is different from the periodicity of each of at least one part of the communication links. Moreover, in order to implement the algorithm, the nodes are identified by the second global numbers thereof.

An optical network includes top networking ports coupled to a packet switch, first media converters, second media converters, and bottom networking ports. The first media converters are coupled to top networking ports, each of the first media converters including a first ASIC transceiver that has a circuit switch function. The second media converters are coupled to the first media converter via optical cables to receive the optical signals. Each of the second media converters includes a second ASIC transceiver that has a circuit switch function. The bottom networking ports are coupled to the second media converters. The first ASIC transceiver and the second ASIC transceiver are configured to transmit a signal from one of the top networking ports to any one of the bottom networking ports, and transmit a signal from one of the bottom networking ports to any one of the top networking ports.

Concepts and technologies directed to optical networking with hybrid optical vortices are disclosed herein. Embodiments can include a system that is configured to perform operations for optical networking with hybrid optical vortices. The system can include a hybrid optical switch that can communicatively couple with another network device via one or more nanofiber communication paths. The operations can include receiving, from a first nanofiber communication path, a hybrid optical vortex that carries an internet protocol packet. The operations also can include decoupling the hybrid optical vortex to extract an optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet. The operations also can include switching the internet protocol packet to a subsequent communication path based on the optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet.

A device for a network switch comprises N input ports, and an electrical block including a plurality of electrical switches configured to route signals in an electrical domain. Each electrical switch includes M input ports, and the device further comprises an optical block coupled to the electrical block. The optical block is configured to route signals in an optical domain. A configuration of the optical block and a configuration of the electrical block are based on at least a number of the N input ports.

An optical submarine branching apparatus includes a first, second, and third switching unit. The first switching unit is connected to N first, second, and third optical fiber transmission lines connected to a first, second and third terminal stations, respectively, and switches a transmission route for a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal. The second switching unit is interposed on the N first optical fiber transmission lines between the first terminal station and the first switching unit, and switches a connection relation between in front of and behind a place where the second switching unit is interposed. The third switching unit is interposed on the N second optical fiber transmission lines between the second terminal station and the first switching unit, and switches a connection relation between in front of and behind a place where the third switching unit is interposed.