A mobile device (UE) may access standalone non-public networks (SNPNs) in various different locations as equivalent SNPNs (eSNPNs) corresponding to a home SNPN of the device. The device may obtain a list of eSNPNs corresponding to the home SNPN, and may access a second SNPN at a location different from a location of the home SNPN, in response to identifying the second SNPN and the list including the second SNPN as an eSNPN corresponding to the home SNPN of the device. The eSNPNs may include roaming eSNPNs (ReSNPNs) for accessing an enterprise NPN globally and/or at various different locations. The eSNPN/ReSNPN list may be maintained in a new network identifier management function (NMF). NPNs may be implemented as network slice instances (NSIs) via identifying data in the single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI). Multiple credentialed SNPNs of a UE may be prioritized for access by the UE.

A method, performed by a first node, for handling roaming information. The first node operates in a first communications network. The first node determines a mobility procedure to be used for a device from a second communications network while roaming into the first communications network. The mobility procedure is related to at least one of: a) an Evolved Packet System (EPS) fallback procedure for a non-emergency service, and b) an Emergency Service fallback to EPS procedure. Determining the mobility procedure is based on a preference of the second communications network. The first node then initiates providing an indication of the determined mobility procedure to a second node, which receives the indication and enables usage of the indicated mobility procedure. A third node sends a first indication to the first node indicating the preference.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. Embodiments herein provide a method for performing a routing ID (RID) update in user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication network.

Certain example embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for associating sensing information with a user (e.g., a cellular user) by, for example, determining information from both a sensing node and a communication node, then associating the a sensed object and the communication node based on the information. Additionally, or alternatively, some embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for radar and sensing-based positioning.

Certain example embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for associating sensing information with a user (e.g., a cellular user) by, for example, determining information from both a sensing node and a communication node, then associating the a sensed object and the communication node based on the information. Additionally, or alternatively, some embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for radar and sensing-based positioning.

Exemplary embodiments include methods for establishing a user-requested protocol data unit (PDU) session in a user's visited public land mobile network (VPLMN), by a session management function (V-SMF) in the VPLMN. Such methods include receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) in the VPLMN, a PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request to establish the PDU session to be routed through the user's home PLMN (HPLMN). The PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request identifies an SMF (H-SMF) in the user's HPLMN. Such methods include sending, to the identified H-SMF, a PDUSession_Create Request to create the PDU session. The PDUSession_Create Request includes an identifier of a session management (SM) context, in the V-SMF, that is associated with the PDU session. Such methods include receiving, from the H-SMF, a PDUSession_Update Request that includes an identifier of an SM context, in the H-SMF, that is associated with the PDU session. Embodiments also include complementary methods performed by the H-SMF.

Message delivery in cellular roaming scenarios involves a user device activated with a home telecommunications service provider (TSP) that provides cellular service to the user device. The user device is located in a remote location and the user device is activated with a remote TSP providing roaming cellular service to the user device in a remote location on a cellular network of the remote TSP. A process includes, based on the user initiating a transaction with a remote application server that requires user authentication based on delivery of a transactional text message, receiving from the remote application server the transactional text message, encrypting the transactional text message to produce an encrypted transactional text message, and forwarding the encrypted transactional text message to the remote TSP for delivery as a short message service (SMS) text to the user device in the remote location via the cellular network of the remote TSP.

Methods, systems, and non-transitory computer readable media for enforcing a steering of roaming (SoR) decision. More particularly, enforcing the SoR decision includes receiving, at a proxy and from a user equipment (UE) located in a visitor network, a registration message to register with a home network, the registration message including an identifier of the visitor network. The proxy routes the registration message to a steering controller to determine a SoR policy decision. The proxy then enforces the SoR policy decision of the steering controller.

A method and apparatus is disclosed that provides a means by which user equipment (UE) having an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) that has a Shared Home Network Identity (SHNI) can gain access to a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) to access authentication information when the UE is not currently within its home network.

A method and apparatus is disclosed that provides a means by which user equipment (UE) having an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) that has a Shared Home Network Identity (SHNI) can gain access to a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) to access authentication information when the UE is not currently within its home network.