A terminal device and a method of operating a terminal device in a wireless communication network. The method comprises establishing, by the terminal device, a first radio connection with a first network access node for transmission of data via a first bearer and a second radio connection with the first network access node for transmission of data via a second bearer. Based on a difference between quality of service for the data transmission via the first bearer and the second bearer, a third radio connection is established between the terminal device and a second network access node for transmission of the data via the first bearer; and the third radio connection is established between the terminal device and the second network access node, a fourth radio connection is established between the terminal device and the second network access node for transmission of the data via the second bearer.

Small base station, micro, femto or pico BTS (PBS) are connected via Un interface to a donor eNB DeNB. In case of a handover from that PBS packets that had not been acknowledged by a UE need to be forwarded to the target base station. Forwarding them via Un and DeNB to the target eNB causes latency and wast radio resources on Un. Thus, the DeNB uses information about the handover to buffer packets and, after being informed by PBS, forward those packets that had not been acknowledged by the UE. This procedure, therefore, saves resources on Un interface and reduces latency. No forwarding of those packets from PBS to DeNB is required. There is provided a method for forwarding data to a wireless terminal. The method is performed by a proxy node. The method comprises receiving data on a link between a core network and a backhaul hub node. The data is addressed to a wireless terminal served by, or handed over from, a serving network node. The method comprises receiving a first indication to forward the data to a target network node of the wireless terminal. The method comprises forwarding the data towards the target network node in response thereto. There is also provided a computer program for such a method and a proxy node configured to perform such a method.

A metric of cell congestion is determined using an average physical resource block rate that is expected to be allocated for a very active user equipment bearer that is a persistent average rate. The average physical resource block rate is mapped to congestion levels and this information is exported to an application function or a radio access network function in order to mitigate congestion. An average bearer throughput for the user equipment can be calculated based on the average physical resource block rate.

User equipments (UEs) may be scheduled by, in a cell, determining relative priorities of data radio bearers (DRBs), each DRB associated with an active UE. A limit is established dividing radio resources available for allocation in the cell during a scheduling period into at least a first limited portion and a second remaining portion. According to the determined relative priorities: a) up to the first limited portion of the radio resources are allocated to only the DRBs that have a guaranteed bit rate (GBR), and thereafter b) the second remaining portion of the radio resources are allocated to only the DRBs which have not been fully allocated from the first limited portion. In carrier aggregation the radio resources are allocated in turn in each different cell per step a) and thereafter in turn in each different cell per step b).

A vehicle to everything application function (V2X AF) transmits a DIAMETER AA-request command to a policy and charging rule function (PCRF). The DIAMETER AA-request command comprises: an attribute value pairs (AVP) identifying a V2X application, and one of more quality of service (QoS) parameters. The one of more quality of service (QoS) parameters indicate a QoS of a V2X bearer for the V2X application employed by a wireless device. The PCRF decides one or more policy and charging control (PCC) provisions for the QoS provided for the V2X application identified by the AVP. The PCRF transmits a DIAMETER command to a policy charging enforcement function (PCEF). The DIAMETER command comprises the one or more PCC provisions for the QoS. The PCEF enforces the one or more PCC provisions for the QoS on a plurality of packets transmitted via the V2X bearer to the wireless device.

A method, a device, and a non-transitory storage medium provide for storing parameters of a throttling service that governs transmissions of radio resource connection requests to a wireless network; generating a first radio resource connection request that includes an establishment cause; determining whether the establishment cause is subject to the throttling service; determining a value of a first parameter of the parameters in response to determining that the establishment cause is subject to the throttling service; omitting to transmit the first radio resource connection request in response to determining that the value of the first parameter is a first value; and transmitting the first radio resource connection request to the wireless network in response to determining that the value of the first parameter is a second value, wherein the first value and the second value are different.

A method and apparatus for deciding a secondary eNB (SeNB) user equipment aggregate maximum bit rate (UE-AMBR) in a wireless communication system is provided. In one embodiment, a master evolved NodeB (MeNB) in dual connectivity receives assistant information, which includes at least one of a buffer size or load information of a SeNB, from the SeNB, and decides whether to change a SeNB UE-AMBR based on the assistant information. In another embodiment, the MeNB transmits an indication which requests change of a SeNB UE-AMBR to a SeNB, receives information related to a new SeNB UE-AMBR from the SeNB; and decides whether to change the SeNB UE-AMBR based on the information related to the new SeNB UE-AMBR.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for end-to-end rate adaptation using radio access network (RAN) assisted rate adaptation. Particularly, when a user equipment (UE) risks operating at rates greater than the guaranteed bit rates (GBR), the UE may rely on rate adaptation mechanisms to indicate when it has exceeded the supported bandwidth such that the UE may reduce its rate accordingly. Specifically, in some examples, a network device (e.g., call session control function (CSCF) and/or policy and charging rules function (PCRF)) may configure endpoints in an end-to-end communication to operate at rates that exceed GBR based on determining that all endpoints support RAN assisted rate adaptation capability. In other examples, the network device may configure maximum bit rates (MBR) that exceed GBR for only the endpoint that supports RAN assisted rate adaptation capability.

Example communication methods and an access network device are described. One example method includes sending a first message to a second access network device by a first access network device, where the first message carries a quality of service (QoS) flow identification (QFI) for a split bearer corresponding to the first access network device and a QoS parameter corresponding to the QFI. The second access network device receives the first message from the first access network device, where the first message carries the QFI for the split bearer corresponding to the first access network device and the QoS parameter corresponding to the QFI. The second access network device sends a second message to the first access network device, where the second message is a response to the first message. The embodiments of this application are used to implement QoS control.

Disclosed, among other things, is a computing system that may translate a first message, which is indicative of a first event of a remote application, into a format communicable over a control channel of a cellular network, and may send the first message to a client device over the control channel. Also disclosed is client device that may translate a second message, which is indicative an action to be taken with respect to the remote application, into a format communicable over the control channel, and may send the second message to the computing system over the control channel.