Provided are a method and an apparatus for configuring a sidelink radio bearer on a sidelink interface used for vehicle communication and processing radio link failure. The method may include receiving sidelink radio bearer configuration information for configuring a sidelink radio bearer on a sidelink interface used for the vehicle communication from a base station; configuring the sidelink radio bearer based on the sidelink radio bearer configuration information, and transmitting the sidelink radio bearer configuration information to another UE subject to the vehicle communication; detecting a sidelink radio link failure when an acknowledged mode (AM) radio link control (RLC) entity linked to the sidelink radio bearer reaches a maximum number of retransmissions; and indicating the detection of the sidelink radio link failure to a higher layer regardless of a radio resource control (RRC) state of the UE when the sidelink radio link failure is detected.

A wireless communication system includes a first wireless communication device, and a second wireless communication device. The first wireless communication device includes: a communicator that delivers, to the second wireless communication device, data addressed to a third wireless communication device and receives, from the second wireless communication device, information on communication quality according to failed data of which delivery fails among the data delivered from the second wireless communication device to the third wireless communication device; and a controller that controls delivery of the data in accordance with the information on the communication quality.

A method for power-savings of UE operating within a 5G network. Transmission requirement data of logical channels for application-level data are collected from SDAP, including logical channel ID, application ID, and QCI indexing information. A list of logical channels with QCI indexing for permissible delay of packets is created. The logical channels of the list are mapped to related RLC channels. Responsive to receipt of a packet by a RLC multiplexing layer, the RLC channel ID from a SARQ packet is mapped to the list of permissible transmission delay logical channels of packets. responsive to a match between the RLC channel ID and the logical channels of the list, the packet is saved to an RLC data structure in allocated memory, and responsive to receipt of a time-critical packet, the time-critical packet, and the saved packet are submitted to a MAC carrier controller for transmission processing.

Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, architectures, mechanisms and apparatus for optimizing the delivery of multicast messages to a set of targeted (receiver) devices via a low power wide area (LPWA) network such as by minimizing a number of gateway devices in a set of gateway devices needed to reach the target devices, by optimizing the use of radio communication resources to minimize costs associated with using metered backhaul network services (e.g., costs associated with using cellular network backhaul services), by maximizing the resiliency, speed, or synchronization of the set of gateway devices, by favoring operator-owned resources, or by achieving other goals consistent with operator policies, preferences and other considerations.

A method for retransmitting a packet on a wireless fidelity link includes receiving a packet retransmission request sent by a user terminal and determining a packet that needs to be retransmitted, detecting a downlink quality indicator on a gateway side of a first wireless fidelity link and a downlink quality indicator on a gateway side of a second wireless fidelity link, determining a link for retransmitting the packet, based on the downlink quality indicator on the gateway side of the first wireless fidelity link and the downlink quality indicator on the gateway side of the second wireless fidelity link, and sending, to the user terminal on the determined link for retransmitting the packet, the determined packet that needs to be retransmitted.

A method for selecting at least one gateway in a set of gateways for relaying data received from a server and intended for each endpoint in a group of endpoints, each endpoint in group communicating with the server via at least one gateway in the set of gateways, the group of endpoints and the set of gateways forming a LoRa network, each gateway receiving data intended for at least one endpoint retransmitting data to each endpoint for which data are intended in a frame in accordance with the LoRaWAN protocol. The method includes: selecting a subset of gateways of the set of gateways enabling the server to communicate with each endpoint group of minimum size, the selected subset minimising a risk of the data sent by the server and relayed by each gateway of subset being lost because of collisions between frames relaying data sent by the gateways of subset.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for packet forwarding control protocol (PFCP) message bundling. In an example embodiment, an apparatus comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. In some embodiments, apparatus can be configured to: determine that more than one control protocol messages should be sent between a control plane entity and a user plane entity or said user plane entity and said control plane entity; determine the control plane entity and the user plane entity support sending and receiving a single datagram carrying more than one control protocol messages; extend a header of each control protocol message to indicate that the datagram is carrying more than one control protocol messages; combine one or more message types and respective message elements of the more than one control protocol messages into the single datagram; and cause sending said single datagram.

Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, architectures, mechanisms and apparatus for optimizing the delivery of multicast messages to a set of targeted (receiver) devices via a low power wide area (LPWA) network such as by minimizing a number of gateway devices in a set of gateway devices needed to reach the target devices, by optimizing the use of radio communication resources to minimize costs associated with using metered backhaul network services (e.g., costs associated with using cellular network backhaul services), by maximizing the resiliency, speed, or synchronization of the set of gateway devices, by favoring operator-owned resources, or by achieving other goals consistent with operator policies, preferences and other considerations.

Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, architectures, mechanisms and apparatus for optimizing the delivery of multicast messages to a set of targeted (receiver) devices via a low power wide area (LPWA) network such as by minimizing a number of gateway devices in a set of gateway devices needed to reach the target devices, by optimizing the use of radio communication resources to minimize costs associated with using metered backhaul network services (e.g., costs associated with using cellular network backhaul services), by maximizing the resiliency, speed, or synchronization of the set of gateway devices, by favoring operator-owned resources, or by achieving other goals consistent with operator policies, preferences and other considerations.

A method for use in a IEEE 802.11 device, comprising: wirelessly connecting, by the device, to a gateway that is part of a wireless local area network (WLAN), the gateway configured to operate as an access point (AP) for the WLAN and bridge the WLAN to the Internet; receiving, by the device from the gateway, an announcement message including a network identifier (NI) of a subnetwork of the WLAN, the subnetwork including the gateway and a first node that is also configured to operate as an AP for the WLAN; transmitting, by the device to the gateway, a request message to join the subnetwork; receiving, by the device from the gateway, a response message including a confidential credential for connecting to the subnetwork; establishing a first connection to the first node based on the confidential credential and the NI and beginning to operate as an AP for the WLAN.