A network identifier for identifying a non-public cellular network allowed to be accessed from a user equipment and frequency information indicating a frequency of the non-public cellular network are stored in a SIM. The user equipment performs search processing for the non-public cellular network in accordance with the network identifier and the frequency information stored in the SIM.

A method for supporting non-public network (NPN), by a first central unit (CU) of a first base station, in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving, from a first distributed unit (DU) of the first base station, an F1 setup request comprising at least one of a first closed access network (CAG) identifier list or a first network identifier (NID) list, transmitting, to an access and mobility management function (AMF), an NG setup request comprising at least one of the first CAG identifier list or the first NID list, receiving, from the AMF, an NG setup response, and transmitting, to the first DU, an F1 setup response.

A command and control (C2) radio system configured for same-channel out-of-band sensing is disclosed. In embodiments, the radio system (e.g., an air radio system (ARS) aboard an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or a ground radio station (GRS)) scans its switching back to the appropriate operating frequency before the next subframe starts. The radio system processes the collected energy samples to determine minimum and mean operating frequencies for idle subframes and slots where a preamble is not detected. The radio system uses idle frames to scan sensing frequencies assigned by a central server of the C2 link system, collecting spectral energy sources during the idle timeslots and energy levels, thereby identifying the level of interference on the assigned frequency (e.g., due to noise or interfering signals) and hypothesizes whether the detected interference is tolerable or precludes current use of the assigned signal in the vicinity of the radio system.

A router of a private cellular network is configured to receive data packets from a plurality of endpoints; analyze the data packets to determine a corresponding source of each data packet; determine whether each corresponding source is a valid source; drop a data packet for which the corresponding source is invalid; for a data packet received from a valid source, determine whether to process the data packet internally or forward the data packet for external processing and route the data packet to a corresponding destination, the corresponding destination being one of a local enterprise network or a corresponding home cellular network of the valid source from which the data packet is received, wherein the private cellular network is configured to service a confined physical location in which home cellular networks of data packets received from valid sources do not provide cellular connectivity that meets a threshold level of cellular service.

A radio access network (RAN) entity (e.g. an eNodeB) may be configured to facilitate multicast communication in a local private Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network. The RAN entity may receive a user data packet tunneled in an IP message via one of a plurality of downlink tunnels. The RAN entity may select, from a plurality of stored mappings, one of a plurality of multicast group identifiers that is mapped to an identified one of a plurality of downlink tunnel endpoint identifiers that matches a downlink tunnel endpoint identifier from a tunnel header of the IP message, as well as one of a plurality of sets of UE identifiers that is mapped to the selected multicast group identifier. The RAN may send, for each one of the UE identifiers in the selected set of UE identifiers, the user data packet for transmission to a UE associated with the UE identifier.

Methods, systems and computer readable media are disclosed for providing inter virtual-eNodeB optimized handover. In one example embodiment, a method includes sending, from a first eNodeB, a handover required message to a first HetNet Gateway (HNG)/virtual eNodeB; matching a target cell in a virtual eNodeB database; receiving, at a second eNodeB, a handover request from a second HNG/virtual eNodeB; sending, by the second eNodeB, a handover request acknowledge message to the second HNG/virtual eNodeB; and performing call context switching using the virtual eNodeB database.

A command and control (C2) radio system configured for same-channel out-of-band sensing is disclosed. In embodiments, the radio system (e.g., an air radio system (ARS) aboard an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or a ground radio station (GRS)) scans its switching back to the appropriate operating frequency before the next subframe starts. The radio system processes the collected energy samples to determine minimum and mean operating frequencies for idle subframes and slots where a preamble is not detected. The radio system uses idle frames to scan sensing frequencies assigned by a central server of the C2 link system, collecting spectral energy sources during the idle timeslots and energy levels, thereby identifying the level of interference on the assigned frequency (e.g., due to noise or interfering signals) and hypothesizes whether the detected interference is tolerable or precludes current use of the assigned signal in the vicinity of the radio system.

A network node includes a receiver configured to receive, from a user equipment, a message requesting an initial registration or a location registration from a user equipment; and a transmitter configured to transmit a message to the user equipment when the user equipment is disallowed to connect to any one of one or more network slices, the message allowing the initial registration or the location registration including information related to a connection restriction that causes the user equipment to transition into a state in which the user equipment is registered and the user equipment is not allowed to use a service.

The disclosed digital wireless private communication platform according to various embodiments may comprise a hub device, a plurality of signal boosters, a lead device, and a plurality of group devices. The hub device may be capable of establishing a wireless personal area network (WPAN) and configured to broadcast a signal based on the WPAN. The plurality of signal boosters may be coupled to each other in a daisy-chain configuration and configured to broadcast the signal within a broad geographic area. The lead device may comprise a lead mobile application operating on the lead device and configured to connect the lead device to the WPAN. Each group device may comprise a group mobile application operating on the group device and configured to connect the group device to the WPAN and establish a communication link between the group device and the lead device.

A communication management resource receives notification of a registration request associated with user equipment present in a wireless network environment. In response to receiving the registration request, the communication management resource executes a roaming management function on behalf of the user equipment. Via the roaming management function, the communication management resource manages roaming of the user equipment in the wireless network environment. Using an SoR type mechanism as described herein allows a PLMN/SNPN operator to control their subscribers to what roaming SNPN network that they should select/reselect during wireless registration and at any time after registration based on the type of wireless services.