There is provided a communication apparatus that complies with an IEEE 802.11 series standard, comprising: data transmitting unit for transmitting data frames each including a data unit to an other communication apparatus a plurality of times continuously; generating unit for generating a Block Ack Request (BAR) frame; BAR transmitting unit for transmitting the BAR frame to the other communication apparatus after transmission of the data frames the plurality of times continuously; and receiving unit for receiving a Block Ack (BA) frame as a response to the BAR frame, wherein the generating unit indicates a sequence number for a data unit in an initial data frame using a predetermined field in the BAR frame, and the predetermined field includes a different field from a Starting Sequence Number field in the BAR frame.

An access point (AP) communicates to one or more stations (STAs) information indicating a set of channels and/or resource units (RUs), corresponding to a wideband basis service set (BSS) for an authorized unlicensed radio local area network (RLAN) using 6 GHz spectrum, which are subject to a lower power spectral density (PSD) level than other portions of the BSS frequency range or are not to be used for transmission. In some, but not necessarily all, embodiments, the AP and the STAs do not encode data on the identified channels or RUs, but do encode data on other channels and/or other RUs, which are not subject to the lower PSD constraint.

The present invention provides a wireless communication method of an access point. The wireless communication method comprises the steps of: establishing a cache table comprising a plurality of reference MAC and corresponding PMKs and reference PMKIDs; receiving an association request from a station; reading a MAC address of the station and a PMKID from the association request; if the MAC address of the station and the PMKID do not match items of the cache table, performing a calculation on the PMKID to obtain an original PMKID; determining if the original PMKID matches any one of the reference PMKIDs within the cache table; and if the original PMKID matches one reference PMKID within the cache table, determining that the reference MAC recorded in the cache table and the MAC address belong to the same station.

A device may include one or more processors. The one or more processors may be configured to determine a first traffic identifier of a first wireless traffic stream, from a plurality of traffic identifiers. The one or more processors may be configured to generate a first frame including the first traffic identifier. The first frame may be configured to trigger a receiver device to send a response frame that comprises buffer status data corresponding to the first wireless traffic stream. The one or more processors may be configured to wirelessly transmit, via a transmitter, the generated first frame to the receiver device.

A smart ring includes a battery, memory, processing circuitry, a plurality of sensors, a plurality of antennas, and a battery, each coupled to one another and all enclosed in a casing, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to conserve the battery by any of sending data to the cloud service when an application is open on the user device, sending data to the cloud service when a threshold is crossed, waking up processing or communicating when there is a change in motion detected by the accelerometer.

Methods and apparatuses for facilitating the switching of an established target wake time (TWT) schedule from one link to another link of a multi-link device (MLD) in a wireless local area network. The apparatuses include an access point (AP) MLD comprising APs and a processor operably coupled to the APs. Each AP comprises a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding station (STA) affiliated with a non-AP MLD. The processor is configured to negotiate with the non-AP MLD via one of the APs to establish a TWT schedule for communications on a first one of the links, receive, from the non-AP MLD via one of the APs, a request to transfer the TWT schedule from the first link to a second one of the links, and in response to the request, establish the TWT schedule for communications on the second link.

Embodiments may include a user equipment (UE) configured to obtain a Mobile Subscriber Identification Number (MSIN) from an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) of the UE, encrypt the MSIN to generate a Subscription Concealed Identifier (SUCI) in a Network Access Identifier (NAI) format, and send the SUCI to the non-3GPP access network for authentication of the UE, and a network element of a home 3GPP network configured to receive, by a 5G Non-seamless WLAN Offload (NSWO) Function, an authentication request including the SUCI from the non-3GPP access network, determine, by the 5G NSWO Function, based on the SUCI, that the UE should be authenticated by an authentication function of the home 3GPP network, and provide the authentication request including the SUCI to the authentication function of the home 3GPP network for processing based on the determination that the UE should be authenticated by the authentication function.

A method of selecting, by a control entity, a network slice is provided. The method includes receiving a create session request message from a Serving Gateway (S-GW) in response to a Packet Data Network (PDN) connectivity request message transmitted by a terminal, transmitting, to a storage entity, a request message for subscriber information including identification information of the terminal, receiving, from the storage entity, subscription data of the terminal corresponding to the identification information of the terminal, selecting at least one network slice based on the subscription data of the terminal and slice information supportable by the control entity, and transmitting a create session response message including information of the selected at least one network slice, wherein the subscription data of the terminal includes information about a subscribed network slice of the terminal and information regarding whether the subscribed network slice of the terminal is supported in an Evolved Packet Core (EPC).

A method of selecting, by a control entity, a network slice is provided. The method includes receiving a create session request message from a Serving Gateway (S-GW) in response to a Packet Data Network (PDN) connectivity request message transmitted by a terminal, transmitting, to a storage entity, a request message for subscriber information including identification information of the terminal, receiving, from the storage entity, subscription data of the terminal corresponding to the identification information of the terminal, selecting at least one network slice based on the subscription data of the terminal and slice information supportable by the control entity, and transmitting a create session response message including information of the selected at least one network slice, wherein the subscription data of the terminal includes information about a subscribed network slice of the terminal and information regarding whether the subscribed network slice of the terminal is supported in an Evolved Packet Core (EPC).

A wireless network association and authentication system includes an access point that is coupled to an authentication server via a first wireless network. The access point receives, from a first user device that associates with the access point, a first request for access to a second wireless network provided by the access point that is coupled to a wide area network through the first wireless network. The first request includes first authentication information. The access point provides the first request that includes the first authentication information to the authentication server via the first wireless network and receives a first authentication response from the authentication server via the first wireless network. In response to the first authentication response indicating that the first user device is authenticated, the access point provides the first user device access to the second wireless network.