A film heater is to be attached to an object to be heated. The film heater includes a conductive film that generates heat when supplied with electricity, and a pair of electrode sections connected to the conductive film. A structure including the conductive film and the pair of electrode sections includes an attached portion that is to be attached to the object to be heated, and a separated portion that is connected to the attached portion and is to be spaced part from the object to be heated. The separated portion includes a disconnection portion that melts or breaks in response to an occurrence of overcurrent.

To provide a warming temperature control device which prevents overheating with high accuracy and stability to ensure safety and is excellent in economy, between both electrodes of a DC stabilization power supply which drives a temperature control section, a fixed resistor with which a capacitor is connected in parallel, a first diode disposed in a forward direction with respect to the power supply, and a temperature detection element wire are connected in series, and an inter-wire short circuit protection circuit is included. A degree of leak of a polymer layer is determined by detecting a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of an input signal to the temperature control section on a time axis. When the difference increases to reach a predetermined set value, the temperature control section performs control such that a heating signal is not outputted.

A method and a heating device (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100) for fluids are provided. The device includes a tubular metal jacket (101, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601, 701, 801, 901, 1001, 1101), a heating element (102, 202, 302, 312, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102) and a control/regulating element (103, 203, 303, 403, 420, 503, 620, 720, 803, 903, 1003, 1103) for the heating element. The heating element and the control/regulating element are arranged at least partially within the tubular metal jacket and are embedded at least partially in a metal powder or granular metal (109, 209, 309, 409, 509, 609, 709, 809, 909, 1009, 1109) within the jacket. The heating element is a heating cartridge, a hollow cartridge, a tubular heating body or a coiled tube cartridge. The control/regulating element is electrically insulated from the metal powder or granular metal.

To provide a warming temperature control device which prevents overheating with high accuracy and stability to ensure safety and is excellent in economy, between both electrodes of a DC stabilization power supply which drives a temperature control section, a fixed resistor with which a capacitor is connected in parallel, a first diode disposed in a forward direction with respect to the power supply, and a temperature detection element wire are connected in series, and an inter-wire short circuit protection circuit is included. A degree of leak of a polymer layer is determined by detecting a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of an input signal to the temperature control section on a time axis. When the difference increases to reach a predetermined set value, the temperature control section performs control such that a heating signal is not outputted.

An embodiment heater includes a housing member having an internal space for storing a cooling fluid, a heating member accommodated in the internal space to generate heat, a partition wall member disposed at a first side of the heating member, extending in an upward/downward direction, and sealing the internal space, a fuse member disposed at a side of the partition wall member opposite a side facing the internal space and configured to cut off a supply of electric power to the heating member in a case in which a temperature of the fuse member exceeds a predetermined temperature, and a heat transfer member having a first side disposed to be in contact with the partition wall member and a second side disposed to be in contact with the fuse member, the heat transfer member being configured to transfer thermal energy to the fuse member from the partition wall member.

A heating device has a carrier and an electrically insulating basic insulation layer thereon and at least one heating conductor circuit thereon, wherein the at least one heating conductor circuit has at least one heating conductor and electrical connections thereon. Underneath the basic insulation layer and between the latter and the carrier, an electrically insulating additional insulation layer is arranged on the carrier, wherein an electrically conductive layer is arranged distributed over its surface such that the basic insulation layer is arranged directly on the conductive layer. A PE connection is provided on the carrier or on the additional insulation layer and is connected to ground, wherein a safety fuse between the conductive layer and the carrier or PE connection is arranged as the only electrical connection between the conductive layer and the carrier or ground connection.

A protection device includes a substrate, a heater, and a meltable member. The heater includes a first heating element and a second heating element, disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the substrate, respectively. If a surface area of the substrate is taken as 100%, the sum of surface areas of the first and second heating elements accounts for 18% to 72%. The meltable member is disposed above the first heating element, by which the meltable member is heated up in the event of over-voltage.