The present invention provides a heating apparatus for heating a load. The heating apparatus comprises a heater having a heating element for receiving electrical power and for converting the electrical power into heat to heat a heating surface of the heater. The heating apparatus also comprises a temperature sensor for sensing and outputting a measurement of the temperature of the heating element, a power actuator for providing the electrical power to the heating element of the heater, a power sensor for sensing and outputting a measurement of the power provided to the heating element by the power actuator, and control circuitry for controlling the power actuator to control the power delivered by the power actuator to the heating element. The control circuitry is configured to receive the temperature measurement from the temperature sensor, receive the power measurement from the power sensor, combine the temperature measurement and the power measurement, and control the power actuator in dependence upon the combined temperature measurement and power measurement. This ensures that the temperature of the heating surface is constant throughout a period when the load is applied.

A roofing heating system that includes: a building; a roof, where the roof covers provides cover for the building; a series of heating elements within an interior surface of the roof; and connection wires, where the connection wires link the heating elements to a thermostat and a power source. The series of heating elements are preferably arranged in a series of rows and columns covering the inner surface of the roof. The heating elements enable heat transfer to an outer surface of the roof in order provide adequate temperatures to avoid accumulation of snow and ice on the outer surface of the roof.

An aerosol generating device includes a main body and a cartridge detachably coupled to the main body. The main body includes a controller, a battery, and a first wireless communication unit. The cartridge includes a second wireless communication unit. The controller controls output power of the battery to apply a power pattern to the cartridge, and the first wireless communication unit establishes a wireless connection with the second wireless communication unit when power supplied from the battery to the cartridge matches a preset power pattern.

A method of displaying a battery life for a warming cart battery is provided. The method includes the steps of detecting with a processor that a warming cart battery voltage is out of range of a predetermined threshold, determining with a processor an operation state of each of a plurality of periphery warming cart devices, and automatically setting a battery scale of a warming cart battery based on which of the plurality of periphery warming cart devices are in an active operation state.

A scent dispenser may comprise a vial retaining mechanism, a heating element, vial sensor, and a controller. The vial retaining mechanism includes a vial coupling that removeably retains a vial containing a scented solution. The includes a wick extending from a cavity of the vial through an opening of a neck of the vial. The heating element is shaped to receive and heat the wick of the vial. The vial sensor includes an array of sensor pads that are arranged in alignment with the vial retained by the vial coupling. The controller is electrically coupled to the heating element and electrically coupled to the array of sensor pads. The controller regulates a temperature level of the heating element, and receives signals from the array of sensor pads and processing the signals to determine a fluid level of the vial.

A heated scooping device provides efficient handling of dense comestibles. The device comprises a head portion having a bowl section and rim. The head portion may be affixed to a handle portion extending from the head portion. A heating means including a heating unit and heating element supplies electricity to rim portion fashioned with the heating element. Power is supplied to the heating means via a power means found in the device. A retainer positioned between the bowl section and heating element stabilizes and isolates the heating element from the bowl section. A method for manufacturing a heated scooping device includes affixing a handle portion to a head portion having a bowl section and rim, providing a heating means to heat a portion of the rim, and positioning a retainer between the bowl section and the heating element for electrically and thermally isolating the heating element from the bowl section.

The devices, methods, and algorithms of the present disclosure provide a hot food holding cabinet to detect the presence and uniquely identify a plurality of food holding trays within a plurality of food holding locations within a hot food holding cabinet. There can also be multiple, separate food holding cabinets that are linked together. Timing and other functions related to the storage of the food holding trays are initiated automatically, without any manual input from a user. This allows for the automated initiation and tracking of product quality parameters by the cabinet computer. The parameters can include product timers and holding profiles, and whether the food holding trays are removed, transferred between bins in a single cabinet, or transferred between separate cabinets.

A thermal immersion circulator can comprise a heater including a hollow cylindrical main body having an inlet opening at a first end thereof and an outlet opening in a side wall thereof. The heater can include a flexible circuit board having a plurality of resistive bands controlled by controlling electronics such as TRIACs, which can be water-cooled. A thermal immersion circulator including such a heater can be used in scientific laboratories or sous vide food cooking.

Aspects of the instant disclosure relate to electronic cigarettes; more particularly, to electronic cigarettes including a power supply portion. In various embodiments, the eCig power supply portion includes a sub-assembly housing substantially containing a battery, an airflow sensor, and controller circuitry. Aspects of the disclosure are further directed to an eCig power supply portion further including a hemicylindrical port and/or electrical contacts aligned along a longitudinal axis of the power supply portion.

According to one aspect, a wax warmer includes a body to support a reservoir adapted to receive a wax melt. The wax warmer also includes a heater having a first heating state to heat the wax melt from a first temperature below a melting point of the wax melt to a second temperature above the melting point of the wax melt in a predetermined amount of time. The heater has a second heating state to substantially maintain the wax melt within a temperature range above the melting point of the wax melt.