A heating mat system is presented for use with livestock. The heating mat system includes a heating layer positioned between an upper support pad and a lower support pad. The heating layer includes a conductive microfilm that has a generally planar shape extending between a front edge, a rear edge, and opposing side edges. In one or more arrangements, the conductive microfilm includes a layer of graphene. In one or more arrangements, the heating mat system has a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact that are connected to the conductive microfilm. When a voltage difference is applied between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact, current flows through the conductive microfilm, thereby generating heat to the heating mat system and heating livestock positioned on the system.

Disclosed is a heating device, including a substrate, a metal oxide layer formed on the substrate, hyper heat accelerator dots having a spherical shape formed on the metal oxide layer and arranged in a lattice form, and a conductive adhesive layer formed on the metal oxide layer and the hyper heat accelerator dots, wherein the lower portions of the hyper heat accelerator dots having a spherical shape are included in the metal oxide layer and the upper portions thereof are included in the conductive adhesive layer.

A heating assembly includes a support member for supporting a target thereon, a diffuser layer attached to the support member, and a heater attached to the diffuser layer. The diffuser layer includes discrete diffuser segments separated by gaps. The discrete diffuser segments are made of the same material and are configured to allow a desired thermal gradient to be maintained between the discrete diffuser segments during heating of the target.

A MEMS hotplate is used as a test substrate for characterizing a temperature-dependent fabrication process. According to a variant, an array of MEMS hotplates is used to provide multiple test substrates which can be simultaneously heated to different temperatures to provide multiple different temperature-dependent characterizations of the process.

Methods and systems of heating a substrate in a vacuum deposition process include a resistive heater having a resistive heating element. Radiative heat emitted from the resistive heating element has a wavelength in a mid-infrared band from 5 μm to 40 μm that corresponds to a phonon absorption band of the substrate. The substrate comprises a wide bandgap semiconducting material and has an uncoated surface and a deposition surface opposite the uncoated surface. The resistive heater and the substrate are positioned in a vacuum deposition chamber. The uncoated surface of the substrate is spaced apart from and faces the resistive heater. The uncoated surface of the substrate is directly heated by absorbing the radiative heat.

A multilayer heating structure for controlling ice accumulation on a surface of an aircraft includes a carbon nano-tube (CNT) heater. The heater includes: a CNT layer; a first encapsulation layer disposed on a first side of the CNT layer formed of a first encapsulation layer thermoplastic material; and a second encapsulation layer disposed on a second side of the CNT layer formed of a second encapsulation layer thermoplastic material. The structure further includes for and aft composite structures. The first and second encapsulation layer thermoplastic materials have higher melting temperatures that one or both the fore composite structure thermoplastic material and the aft composite structure thermoplastic material.

A cartridge for an electrically operated aerosol-generating system is provided, the cartridge including: a liquid storage portion including a housing holding a liquid aerosol-forming substrate, the housing having an opening; and a fluid-permeable heater assembly including a plurality of electrically conductive filaments, the fluid-permeable heater assembly being fixed to the housing and extending across the opening of the housing. An aerosol-generating system, and a method of manufacture of a cartridge for an electrically operated aerosol-generating system, are also provided.

A coil-less atomizer comprising a cylindrical body having a hollow interior; a ceramic donut shaped heating element positioned in the hollow interior; a connection means connected to a bottom portion of the cylindrical body, wherein the connection means is configured to connect with a vaporizer and a battery to heat the ceramic donut shaped heating element to a predetermined temperature; and a removable cylindrical cup positioned on the ceramic donut shaped heating element, wherein the cylindrical cup is configured to accept an amount of matter which is heating during operation via thermal conduction from the ceramic donut shaped heating element such that the amount of matter is vaporized and may be inhaled by a user via the vaporizer.

A fin element for a heat exchanger, in particular for a heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, with a plurality of connecting sections and of longitudinal sections, whereby in each case two adjacent longitudinal sections are connected to one another by a connecting section, whereby at least one of the longitudinal sections has gills formed by webs and slots, whereby at least one of the webs has a flared web surface, whereby the web surface is flared out from the at least one longitudinal section, whereby the web surface forms at least two surface sections arranged angled to one another.

A heater includes a ceramic body of bar shape; and a heat-generating resistor disposed in an inside of the ceramic body, when viewed in a transverse section, the heat-generating resistor including at least one step portion provided in an outer periphery part of the heat-generating resistor, the at least one step portion having such a shape that semicircular portions bisected in a diametrical direction of the heat-generating resistor deviate from each other along the diametrical direction.