A baby space warmer system includes a baby space warmer having a heating element and/or a power source disposed in a housing and a controller that is operable to control the heating element and/or power source. The controller may control the heating element to warm to a warming temperature, switch to maintaining a maintenance temperature, and then cease heating. The controller may control the heating element in this way using regulation of voltage and/or one or more components, such as one or more timers, thermostats, thermometers, and so on. In some implementations, a baby space warmer system may include a warming container configured to contain the baby space warmer, concentrate heat generated by the baby space warmer to speed heating of the baby space warmer to the warming temperature, retain heat generated by the baby space warmer to maintain the heating temperature and/or the maintenance temperature, and so on.

A ceramic structure 10 includes a heater electrode 14 within a disk-shaped AlN ceramic substrate 12. The heater electrode 14 contains a metal filler in the main component WC. The metal filler (such as Ru or RuAl) has a lower resistivity and a higher thermal expansion coefficient than AlN. An absolute value of a difference |ΔCTE| between a thermal expansion coefficient of the AlN ceramic substrate 12 and a thermal expansion coefficient of the heater electrode 14 at a temperature in the range of 40° C. to 1000° C. is 0.35 ppm/° C. or less.

Apparatuses, systems and methods of providing heat to enable an FDM additive manufacturing nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed. The heating element may include at least one sheath sized to fittedly engage around an outer circumference of the FDM printer nozzle; at least one wire coil at least partially contacting an inner diameter of the sheath; and at least one energy receiver associated with the at least one wire coil.

An apparatus and method for melting snow and/or ice on a vehicle comprises a precipitation sensor, a surface temperature sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, a heater, and a programmable controller. The programmable controller comprises a memory unit to store a cut off surface temperature Tc, and a set of program modules. The programmable controller further comprises a processor to execute the set of program modules. A heater control module, executed by the processor, is configured to deactivate a heater based on a surface temperature being greater than the cut off surface temperature. Further, heater control module is configured to activate the heater based on an ambient temperature being lower than freezing point of water and precipitation being present outside the vehicle, thereby melting snow and/or ice on the vehicle. The snow melts off because of heat generated by the heater upon activation.

The present invention relates to a ceramic heater for independently controlling a middle region, and more specifically, to a ceramic heater comprising: a center-edge heating element provided at a position corresponding to a center region and an edge region of a heating surface of the ceramic heater; and a middle heating element provided at a position corresponding to a middle region which is surrounded by the center region and the edge region of the heating surface of the ceramic heater, and thus the present invention has an effect whereby the respective temperatures of three divided regions may be

A washer liquid heating apparatus integrated into a reservoir may include a plate-type heater that may be installed in a hole of the reservoir to heat a washer liquid within the reservoir, a protect cover that may be assembled into the reservoir to surround the heater, and a fastening device for fixing the heater and the protect cover to the reservoir, wherein the plate-type heater may be fixed to be exposed to an inside of the reservoir through the hole such that a heating surface where heating may be performed heats the washer liquid within the reservoir.

A washer liquid heating apparatus integrated into a reservoir may include a plate-type heater that may be installed in a hole of the reservoir to heat a washer liquid within the reservoir, a protect cover that may be assembled into the reservoir to surround the heater, and a fastening device for fixing the heater and the protect cover to the reservoir, wherein the plate-type heater may be fixed to be exposed to an inside of the reservoir through the hole such that a heating surface where heating may be performed heats the washer liquid within the reservoir.

An electrostatic chuck heater includes an electrostatic chuck including an electrostatic electrode embedded in a ceramic sintered body, a cooling member cooling the electrostatic chuck, and a heater layer disposed between the electrostatic chuck and the cooling member and including a plurality of metal layers embedded therein in multiple stages, the metal layers including resistance heating element layers. The heater layer includes a ceramic insulating layer with a thickness of 2 μm or more and 50 μm or less between the metal layers.

A PTC heating device exhibits a good degree of efficiency while providing good electrical insulation of the device's PTC element. The insulation of the PTC heating device comprises a film and a layer that is bonded to the film and made of brown compact which comprises non-sintered ceramic particles. Also disclosed is a method in which ceramic particles are provided with a binding agent, and the mass thus produced is applied in a planar manner onto a film and bonded to the film. The multilayer insulation thus produced is placed around the PTC element and the conductor tracks, and the binding agent is subsequently removed, at least in part.

A heater assembly having a backside purge gap formed between a top plate and a heater of the heater assembly, the top plate having a top plate wall. The top plate wall having an upper portion, a middle portion and a lower portion, the middle portion forming an incline relative to the top portion.