A polynucleotide expression system is provided that is capable of alternative splicing of RNA transcripts of a polynucleotide sequence to be expressed in an organism.

The present disclosure provides methods for generating insect strains that can be used for genetic suppression or modification of insect populations. The method of the present disclosure covers both gene drive (GD) approaches and genetic sterile insect technique (gSIT, aka pgSIT), and uses an RNA-guided nuclease, such as Cpf1 (aka Cas12a), which has a temperature-dependent activity and turns genetic approaches for insect control to temperature-controllable systems.

The present invention develops a novel method for controlling mosquito populations. Culicinae mosquitoes carrying one or more loci of transformant Tra-2 RNAi constructs which target to mosquito Transformer-2 locus in respective or none respective Culicinae mosquitoes. Tra-2 sequences used to assemble Tra-2 RNAi recombinant constructs are Tra-2 gene sequences of Culicinae mosquitoes and can be derived from endogenous or exogenous sequences. The Tra-2 RNAi expression is conditional, wherein the expression causing a knockdown effect into the endogenous Tra-2 gene results in mortality of X (m) chromosome bearing sperms and produces maleness mosquito population in the nature environmental of the species.

Provided herein are methods of generating sterile male insects. The methods include generating a insect stock comprising females with two X chromosomes each having the same centromere with male insects comprising an X chromosome and a Y chromosome each having the same centromere and mating parental male insects having an X:Y/O genome with normal females, thereby producing the sterile male insects.

Disclosed is a transgenic Drosophila model of human papillomavirus-mediated cancer. Also disclosed is a method for screening a candidate therapeutic for Human papillomavirus-induced cell transformation and a method for screening a candidate therapeutic for Human papillomavirus-induced cell transformation.

The invention provides a light generating system for arthropod keeping, configured to generate system light, wherein in a first operational mode the light generating system is configured to provide the system light having a spectral power distribution, wherein the spectral power distribution comprises: a first spectral power E.sub.1 in a first wavelength range of 360-780 nm; a second spectral power E.sub.2 in a second wavelength range of 360-400 nm; a third spectral power E.sub.S in a third wavelength range of 400-480 nm; a fourth spectral power E.sub.M in a fourth wavelength range of 480-580 nm; a fifth spectral power E.sub.L in a fifth wavelength range of 580-700 nm; a sixth spectral power E.sub.6 in a sixth wavelength range of 620-700 nm; a seventh spectral power E.sub.7 in a seventh wavelength range of 700-780 nm; and wherein: 1.75E.sub.M/E.sub.S20; E.sub.2/E.sub.10.005; E.sub.7/E.sub.10.022; and E.sub.L/E.sub.10.3; or 0.3<E.sub.L/E.sub.10.8, and 3.4E.sub.6/E.sub.S14, and wherein the sixth wavelength range comprises a peak between 650-690 nm.

The present disclosure provides a novel gene drive methodology that can be used to spread engineered traits into a targeted population. More specifically, the present disclosure provides a method of using a transgenic line containing a modified Cas9, e.g., nickase Cas9, that introduces single-strand breaks/nicks, instead of double-stranded DNA cuts, to promote super-Mendelian inheritance of an engineered gene drive allele. The present disclosure further provides a Cx.quin. Cas9 (e.g., nickase Cas9) line and a Cx.quin. gene-drive line for suppression populations.