A rotor for polishing hollow tubes, in which an outer tube is slidable over an inner tube and is provided with at least one window in the wall. At the window on the inner tube, a plate vane is fixed at the base end to an auxiliary shaft arranged perpendicular to the main shaft so as to be able to rotationally move. A link bar is arranged in the main shaft direction to extend between the outer tube and the plate vane. The rotor is able to transition between an initial state (plate vane closed) and an operational state (plate vane open) by the inner tube moving relative to the outer tube. An electrode for electropolishing or a buff for mechanical polishing is fixed to the tip end of the plate vane. This allows for adjustment of the position of the plate vane and control of the polished state.

The invention, provides a method, apparatus and system for separating blood and other types of cellular components, and can be combined with holographic optical trapping manipulation or other forms of optical tweezing. One of the exemplary methods includes providing a first flow having a plurality of blood components; providing a second flow; contacting the first flow with the second flow to provide a first separation region; and differentially sedimenting a first blood cellular component of the plurality of blood components into the second flow while concurrently maintaining a second blood cellular component of the plurality of blood components in the first flow. The second flow having the first blood cellular component is then differentially removed from the first flow having the second blood cellular component. Holographic optical traps may also be utilized in conjunction with the various flows to move selected components from one flow to another, as part of or in addition to a separation stage.

A particle accelerator can include a first waveguide portion and a second waveguide portion. The first waveguide portion can include a first plurality of cell portions and a first iris portion that is disposed between two of the first plurality of cell portions. The first iris portion can include a first portion of an aperture such that the aperture is configured to be disposed about a beam axis. The first waveguide portion can further include a first bonding surface. The second waveguide portion can include a second plurality of cell portions and a second iris portion that is disposed between two of the second plurality of cell portions. The second iris portion can include a second portion of the aperture. The second waveguide portion can include a second bonding surface.

A system and method for fabricating accelerator cavities comprises forming at least two half cavities and joining the half cavities with a longitudinal seal. The half cavities can comprise at least one of aluminum, copper, tin, and copper alloys. The half cavities can be coated with a superconductor or combination of materials configured to form a superconductor coating.

A system and method for fabricating accelerator cavities comprises forming at least two half cavities and joining the half cavities with a longitudinal seal. The half cavities can comprise at least one of aluminum, copper, tin, and copper alloys. The half cavities can be coated with a superconductor or combination of materials configured to form a superconductor coating.

The invention provides a method, apparatus and system for separating blood and other types of cellular components, and can be combined with holographic optical trapping manipulation or other forms of optical tweezing. One of the exemplary methods includes providing a first flow having a plurality of blood components; providing a second flow; contacting the first flow with the second flow to provide a first separation region; and differentially sedimenting a first blood cellular component of the plurality of blood components into the second flow while concurrently maintaining a second blood cellular component of the plurality of blood components in the first flow. The second flow having the first blood cellular component is then differentially removed from the first flow having the second blood cellular component. Holographic optical traps may also be utilized in conjunction with the various flows to move selected components from one flow to another, as part of or in addition to a separation stage.

This disclosure relates to an apparatus or device commonly referred to as a superconducting resonant cavity or Radio Frequency (SRF) cavity, the related components associated with the SRF Cavity, and various fabrication methods thereof. SRF cavities are used to accelerate charged particles to high energies and high velocities and various fabrication methods of said SRF apparatus. SRF cavities are used in a wide variety of applications ranging from particle accelerators, to light sources for spectroscopy, to linear accelerators for the transmutation of nuclear waste and the advanced production of tritium, to NMR and MRI imaging and spectroscopy, and proton radiation therapy for the treatment of certain types of cancer. This disclosure further describes a wide variety of means and methods for: a) the fabrication of SRF cavity structures, b) at least one or more film deposition means, and c) at least one or more heat treating means using either the Bronze Route or Internal Tin processes to form the superconducting Nb.sub.3Sn phase on the interior surface of an SRF cavity via a solid state diffusion reaction process.

This disclosure relates to an apparatus or device commonly referred to as a superconducting resonant cavity or Radio Frequency (SRF) cavity, the related components associated with the SRF Cavity, and various fabrication methods thereof. SRF cavities are used to accelerate charged particles to high energies and high velocities and various fabrication methods of said SRF apparatus. SRF cavities are used in a wide variety of applications ranging from particle accelerators, to light sources for spectroscopy, to linear accelerators for the transmutation of nuclear waste and the advanced production of tritium, to NMR and MRI imaging and spectroscopy, and proton radiation therapy for the treatment of certain types of cancer. This disclosure further describes a wide variety of means and methods for: a) the fabrication of SRF cavity structures, b) at least one or more film deposition means, and c) at least one or more heat treating means using either the Bronze Route or Internal Tin processes to form the superconducting Nb.sub.3Sn phase on the interior surface of an SRF cavity via a solid state diffusion reaction process.

A system and method for treating a cavity comprises arranging a niobium structure in a coating chamber, the coating chamber being arranged inside a furnace, coating the niobium structure with tin thereby forming an Nb.sub.3Sn layer on the niobium structure, and doping the Nb.sub.3Sn layer with nitrogen, thereby forming a nitrogen doped Nb.sub.3Sn layer on the niobium structure.

A system and method for treating a cavity comprises arranging a niobium structure in a coating chamber, the coating chamber being arranged inside a furnace, coating the niobium structure with tin thereby forming an Nb.sub.3Sn layer on the niobium structure, and doping the Nb.sub.3Sn layer with nitrogen, thereby forming a nitrogen doped Nb.sub.3Sn layer on the niobium structure.