A printed circuit board includes a substrate, and a wiring provided on the substrate. The wiring includes a copper-based metal wire provided on the substrate and a surface-treated layer provided on the copper-based metal wire. The copper-based metal wire includes mainly a copper. The surface-treated layer includes an amorphous layer including oxygen and a metal with a higher oxygen affinity than the copper.

A polysiloxane film comprises Si—O bonds and has a thickness of 0.3 to 1.5 microns. Adjacent electrodes coated with the polysiloxane film have a leakage current of at most 0.01 mA at 10 V after contact with water. An electrode coated with the polysiloxane film has a contact resistance of at least 0.01 ohms at 1.0 mm of pogo pin compression under a 1.0 N load. The polysiloxane film provides IPx7 protection from ingress of water.

An apparatus is described. The electronic circuit board having electronic components thereon. A protective material coated on an exposed material of the electronic circuit board and the electronic components. The protective material being chemically inert with the exposed material. The protective material being chemically inert with an immersion bath cooling liquid that the electronic circuit board and the electronic components are to be immersed within. A thermal cooling structure of one the electronic components that is designed to transfer heat into the immersion bath cooling liquid is not coated with the protective material.

Systems and methods that enable printing of conformal materials and other waterproof coating materials at high resolution. An initial printing of a material on edges of a component is performed at high resolution in a first printing step, and a subsequent printing of the material on remaining surfaces of the component is applied in a second printing step, with or without curing of the material printed on the edges between the two printing steps. The printing of the material may be performed by a laser-assisted deposition or using another dispensing system to achieve a high resolution printing of the material and a high printing speed.

A composition for forming a protective coating on an electronic device that is in the form of a non-Newtonian fluid that exhibits both viscous and elastic properties, and that forms at least one coating that is hydrophobic, oleophobic, or oleophilic is disclosed. The viscous and elastic properties associated with the non-Newtonian fluid allows the composition to redistribute after being applied as a coating an electronic device. Methods for protecting an electronic device from liquid contaminants by applying the disclosed composition and electronic devices comprising the composition are also disclosed. An electronic device, such as a printed circuit board, having a film made of the composition is also disclosed.

A circuit board includes a base layer, an electrode layer formed on the base layer, a passivation layer formed on the electrode layer while opening a part of the electrode layer, and a surface treatment layer formed on the open surface of the electrode layer. The surface treatment layer may contain 70 to 40% of copper and 30 to 60% of nickel.

An electronic device according to various embodiments of the present invention may comprise a housing; an inner plate which is built into the housing, at least a portion of which is made of a synthetic resin material, and which comprises a first surface, a second surface facing the opposite direction to the first surface, a first through-hole formed in a cone-shaped cross-section the diameter of which gradually decreases the closer to the second surface from the first surface, and a second through-hole formed in a cone-shaped cross-section, which is disposed adjacent to the first through-hole and the diameter of which gradually decreases the closer to the first surface from the second surface; a first conductive line which is formed on the first surface and is formed to overlap with the first through-hole at least partially when viewed from the first surface, a second conductive line which is formed on the second surface and is formed to overlap with the second through-hole at least partially when viewed from the second surface, a first conductive layer which is deposited conformally on an inner wall of the first through-hole and electrically connected to at least one of the first conductive line and the second conductive line, a second conductive layer which is deposited conformally on an inner wall of the second through-hole and electrically connected to at least one of the first conductive line and the first conductive line, and a wireless communication module which is electrically connected to at least one of the first conductive line and the second conductive line, wherein the first conductive line, the second conductive line, the first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer may comprise the same composition of materials. Such an electronic device may vary according to the embodiment.

A control device for a motor vehicle is provided. The control device includes a printed circuit board having a first side and an edge. The first side of the printed circuit board is delimited by the edge. The control device includes at least one electronic component arranged on the first side of the printed circuit board and electrically conductively connected to the printed circuit board). The control device also includes a first conductor loop formed as a resistor and arranged on the first side of the printed circuit board. The first conductor loop is arranged between the edge and the electronic component. The control device also includes an encapsulation of the printed circuit board. The encapsulation surrounds at least the first side, the at least one electronic component and the first conductor loop.

An electro-optical device includes a plurality of digital scanning lines, a digital signal line, and a plurality of pixel circuits. Each of the pixel circuits includes a light emitting element and a digital driving circuit. The digital driving circuit performs digital driving to turn the light emitting element ON-state or OFF-state based on a grayscale value. The digital driving circuit keeps the light emitting element ON-state by supplying a drive current to the light emitting element, in a period in which an enable signal is active, of a grayscale display period having a length corresponding to the grayscale value. The control line driving circuit sets a period in which the enable signal is active. A ratio, with respect to the grayscale display period, of an ON-state period in which the light emitting element is ON-state changes in accordance with the period in which the enable signal is active.

An electronic module utilizing a bathtub heatsink and single-cover design to provide improved thermal management and fault isolation while minimizing cost and complexity. The electronic module may also provide for better galvanic corrosion prevention through the utilization of a single finish on the components thereof. Further provided may be an electronic module design utilizing a single set of fasteners, which may further reduce assembly cost and complexity while further providing increase galvanic corrosion prevention.