A method for manufacturing the circuit board comprises following steps of forming a silver layer on each of two opposite surfaces of an insulating substrate, and forming a copper layer on each silver layer, thereby obtaining a middle structure; defining at least one through-hole on the middle structure, and each through-hole extending through each copper layer; forming a copper wiring layer on the copper layers to cover each through-hole and a portion region of the copper layers, the copper wiring layer comprising a copper conductive structure passing through each through-hole, the copper conductive structure connecting the copper layers; removing the copper layers not covered by the copper wiring layer; and etching the silver layers to form a silver wiring layer corresponding to the copper wiring layer, wherein a first etching liquid, which does not etch the copper wiring layer, is used for etching the silver layers.

An apparatus and a method are disclosed for producing an electric terminal contact on a coated sheet, whose coating has at least one electric conductor path covered by an electrical insulation layer, in which apparatus and method a recess is produced extending through the insulation layer at least to the electrical conductor path and in this recess, an electrically conductive contact element is provided, one end of which is electrically connected to the conductor path and at the other end of which forms the electrical terminal contact. In order to increase the reproducibility, the proposal is made for the recess to be produced with the aid of a hollow needle, which is advanced in the direction toward the conductor path and which, as it is withdrawn from the recess, introduces an electrically conductive, viscous compound into this recess in order to produce the contact element.

Vias may be established in printed circuit boards or similar structures and filled with a monolithic metal body to promote heat transfer. Metal nanoparticle paste compositions may provide a ready avenue for filling the vias and consolidating the metal nanoparticles under mild conditions to form each monolithic metal body. The monolithic metal body within each via can be placed in thermal contact with one or more heat sinks to promote heat transfer.

A method of producing an electrical through connection. A cut extending from a first surface to a second surface and separating the area into a first part and a second part is provided on an area of the flexible substrate. At least one of the first and second part is raised from a first plane of the first surface. A first wet conductive layer is printed on the first surface on and around the cut. The first wet layer is solidified into a first dried conductive layer. At least one of the first part and the second part is raised from a second plane of the second surface. A second wet conductive layer is printed on the second surface on and around the cut. The second wet conductive layer is solidified into a second dried conductive layer, which creates an electrical through connection with the first dried conductive layer.

Lighting systems for use in building interiors, for example, which include a plurality of light modules each having an elongate substrate with a lower surface, and electrical circuitry including a plurality of LED units printed to the lower surface via thick film techniques. Each light module is formed as a single-component, packaged construct for easy installation, and facilitates conductive transfer of heat away from the LEDs for enhanced power efficiency. The light modules may be releasably connected to, and extend from, an elongate spine unit which provides structural support and power input to the light modules and optionally, the system may employ use of metallic components, such as the metallic substrate of a light module, for directly conducting current to power the LED units.

A method for manufacturing the circuit board comprises following steps of providing an insulating substrate, and defining at least one through-hole on the insulating substrate to extending through two opposite surfaces of the insulating substrate; forming a silver layer on each of the two opposite surfaces, and forming a silver conductive structure in each through-hole connecting the silver layers; forming a copper wiring layer on the silver layers to cover each silver conductive structure and a portion region of the silver layers; and etching the silver layers to form a silver wiring layer corresponding to the copper wiring layer, wherein a first etching liquid, which does not etch the copper wiring layer, is used for etching the silver layers.

Vias may be established in printed circuit boards or similar structures and filled with a monolithic metal body to promote heat transfer. Metal nanoparticle paste compositions may provide a ready avenue for filling the vias and consolidating the metal nanoparticles under mild conditions to form each monolithic metal body. The monolithic metal body within each via can be placed in thermal contact with one or more heat sinks to promote heat transfer.

A method of producing an electrical through connection. A cut extending from a first surface to a second surface and separating the area into a first part and a second part is provided on an area of the flexible substrate. At least one of the first and second part is raised from a first plane of the first surface. A first wet conductive layer is printed on the first surface on and around the cut. The first wet layer is solidified into a first dried conductive layer. At least one of the first part and the second part is raised from a second plane of the second surface. A second wet conductive layer is printed on the second surface on and around the cut. The second wet conductive layer is solidified into a second dried conductive layer, which creates an electrical through connection with the first dried conductive layer.

A wiring board manufacturing method includes: forming a first groove structure in a first principal surface of a base by scanning with laser light in a first irradiation pattern such that the first groove structure has a first width; irradiating an inside of the first groove structure with laser light in a second irradiation pattern that is different from the first irradiation pattern to form recessed portions inside the first groove structure; and forming a first wiring pattern by filling the first groove structure with a first electrically-conductive material to form a first wiring pattern whose shape matches with a shape of the first groove structure in a top view.

An electrical connection between the backplane and the light-transmissive front electrode of an electro-optic display is provided by forming an aperture through the top front electrode coupled and a substrate coupled thereto and subsequently introducing a flowable, electrically-conductive material into the aperture. The flowable, electrically-conductive material provides an electrical contact between the light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer and the backplane.