Provided is a gravity gradient measurement apparatus and measuring method, wherein a turntable rotates horizontally around an earth-vertical axis, a vacuum layer is arranged on the turntable defining a first chamber, a first three-axis accelerometer and a second three-axis accelerometer are located in the first chamber, the first three-axis accelerometer and the second three-axis accelerometer are arranged symmetrically on an x axis with respect to an origin of coordinates. Both the first three-axis accelerometer and the second three-axis accelerometer have a distance of R from the origin of coordinates. The first three-axis accelerometer and the second three-axis accelerometer are arranged symmetrically on an z axis with respect to the origin of coordinates, and the first three-axis accelerometer and the second three-axis accelerometer are spaced at a distance of h on the z axis. The measurement module uses measurements of the accelerometers to determine gravity gradients on the coordinate axes.

The subject disclosure relates generally to a method of implementing magnetic shielding walls with specific respective dimensions to reduce crosstalk between transmission lines in wire-bonds for supercomputing chipsets. In one embodiment, the device comprises: a chip-set comprised of superconducting materials; at least one superconducting data line attached to chip-set dies by a set of wire bonds; and magnetic shielding walls that respectively isolate the set of wire bonds.

The subject disclosure relates generally to a method of implementing magnetic shielding walls with specific respective dimensions to reduce crosstalk between transmission lines in wire-bonds for supercomputing chipsets. In one embodiment, the device comprises: a chip-set comprised of superconducting materials; at least one superconducting data line attached to chip-set dies by a set of wire bonds; and magnetic shielding walls that respectively isolate the set of wire bonds.

A fusion reactor includes a fusion plasma reactor chamber. A magnetic coil structure is disposed inside of the fusion plasma reactor chamber, and a structural component is also disposed inside of the fusion plasma reactor chamber. The structural component couples the magnetic coil structure to the fusion plasma reactor chamber. A superconducting material is disposed at least partially within the structural component. A plurality of cooling channels are disposed at least partially within the structural component. An insulating material is disposed at least partially within the structural component.

A magnetic shielding system that includes a shield that is non-uniform in the axial direction and a shield cap that is non-uniform in the radial direction. Each shield in the system may have a magnetic permeability, thickness, and/or radius that varies in the axial direction to create low-reluctance paths that redirect flux away from a sample towards the ends of the shield. Each shield cap in the system may have a magnetic permeability and/or thickness that varies in the radial direction to create low-reluctance paths that redirect flux away from the sample towards shield walls. An inner shielding layer formed from a material of low permeability and moderate-to-high coercivity may be implemented as the innermost layer of a magnetic shielding system.

A magnetic field shielding system includes a first stage superconducting coil and a second stage superconducting coil. The first stage superconducting coil and the second stage superconducting coil are coaxial, coplanar and electrically connected in series to form a closed loop; the first stage superconducting coil has a first radius R1, the second stage superconducting coil has a second radius R2, and R1>R2; a radius ratio between the first radius R1 and the second radius R2 is: =R1/R2; the first stage superconducting coil has N1 turns; the second stage superconducting coil has N2 turns; a turns ratio between N1 and N2 is: =N1/N2; and the radius ratio satisfies: 2; the turns ratio satisfies: 0.0120.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus of protecting magnetically sensitive devices with a shield, including: a non-superconducting metal or lower transition temperature (T.sub.c) material compared to a higher transition temperature material, disposed in a magnetic field; means for creating a spatially varying order parameter's |(r,T)|.sup.2 in a non-superconducting metal or a lower transition temperature material; wherein a spatially varying order parameter is created by a proximity effect, such that the non-superconducting metal or the lower transition temperature material becomes superconductive as a temperature is lowered, creating a flux-free Meissner state at a center thereof, in order to sweep magnetic flux lines to the periphery.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus of protecting magnetically sensitive devices with a shield, including: a non-superconducting metal or lower transition temperature (T.sub.c) material compared to a higher transition temperature material, disposed in a magnetic field; means for creating a spatially varying order parameter's |(r, T)|.sup.2 in a non-superconducting metal or a lower transition temperature material; wherein a spatially varying order parameter is created by a proximity effect, such that the non-superconducting metal or the lower transition temperature material becomes superconductive as a temperature is lowered, creating a flux-free Meissner state at a center thereof, in order to sweep magnetic flux lines to the periphery.