A plurality of electronic signaling and image processing devices coupled to street roadside illumination poles, communicatively networked with one another, vehicles, and at least one remote client to manage all roadside municipal parking stalls in the pole's vicinity in real time.

A network of intermediate device systems may be detachably coupled to an illumination pole electrically connected to a power source. The intermediate device system may comprise a housing with an exterior surface and an interior cavity configured to receive at least one electrical device. The intermediate device system may comprise a control unit communicatively coupled to a processor and configured to receive and process substantially real time information from at least one of the electronic devices and create a data set based on the received real time information. The data set may comprise a parameter of the surrounding environment and/or an instruction set configured to operate the at least one electrical device within the intermediate device system and/or a second intermediate device system within the network. The intermediate device system may also comprise a communication module communicatively coupled to the control unit that forms a bidirectional communication channel to facilitate transfer of the data set between the intermediate device system and a second communication module of the second intermediate device system and receive an incoming data set from the second communication module.

An inductor includes a planar laminated magnetic core and a conductive winding. The planar magnetic core includes an alternating sequence of a magnetic layer and a non-magnetic layer. The non-magnetic layer includes an insulating layer that is disposed between first and second interface layers. The conductive winding turns around in a generally spiral manner on the outside of the planar laminated magnetic core. The inductor can be integrated into a multilevel wiring network in a semiconductor integrated circuit to form a microelectronic device, such as a transformer, a power converter, or a microprocessor.

A method for manufacturing a flexible circuit board with resistor which is buried in the board includes steps of providing a composite board, the composite board comprising a substrate, and a physical development core layer formed on the substrate. A silver halide emulsion layer is formed on the physical development core layer and the silver halide emulsion layer is exposed. A developing solution is applied to the halide emulsion layer and washed to form a silver layer on the substrate. A conductive layer is formed on the silver layer and the conductive layer is etched, forming at least one opening. Such opening exposes a portion of the silver layer which contains a buried resistor. Different processes and materials applied in the above procedure serve to increase or decrease the resistance of the resistor as desired.

A switched inductor DC-DC power converter chiplet includes a CMOS power switch, an LC filter, regulation circuitry, feedback control circuitry, and interface control circuitry integrated on a common substrate. The inductor for the LC filter can be formed on the same surface or on opposing surfaces of the substrate as the electrical terminations for the substrate. Another embodiment includes a switched inductor DC-DC power converter chiplet having a first powertrain phase and multiple second powertrain phases. When the load current is less than or equal to a threshold load current, the power conversion efficiency can be improved by only operating the first powertrain phase. When the load current is greater than the threshold load current, the power conversion efficiency can be improved by operating one or more second powertrain phases.

A network of intermediate device systems may be detachably coupled to an illumination pole electrically connected to a power source. The intermediate device system may comprise a housing with an exterior surface and an interior cavity configured to receive at least one electrical device. The intermediate device system may comprise a control unit communicatively coupled to a processor and configured to receive and process substantially real time information from at least one of the electronic devices and create a data set based on the received real time information. The data set may comprise a parameter of the surrounding environment and/or an instruction set configured to operate the at least one electrical device within the intermediate device system and/or a second intermediate device system within the network. The intermediate device system may also comprise a communication module communicatively coupled to the control unit that forms a bidirectional communication channel to facilitate transfer of the data set between the intermediate device system and a second communication module of the second intermediate device system and receive an incoming data set from the second communication module.

A switched inductor DC-DC power converter chiplet includes a CMOS power switch, an LC filter, regulation circuitry, feedback control circuitry, and interface control circuitry integrated on a common substrate. The inductor for the LC filter can be formed on the same surface or on opposing surfaces of the substrate as the electrical terminations for the substrate.

A structure comprises a semiconductor integrated circuit, an inductor, and a magnetic flux closure layer. The inductor is integrated into a multilevel wiring network in the semiconductor integrated circuit. The inductor includes a planar laminated magnetic core and a conductive winding that turns around in a generally spiral manner on the outside of the planar laminated magnetic core. The planar laminated magnetic core includes an alternating sequence of a magnetic layer and a non-magnetic layer. The magnetic flux closure layer is disposed within about 100 ?m of a face of the planar laminated magnetic core, the face of the planar magnetic core parallel to a principal plane of the planar laminated magnetic core. A second magnetic flux closure layer can be disposed within about 100 ?m of an opposing face of the planar laminated magnetic core.

A network of intermediate device systems may be detachably coupled to an illumination pole electrically connected to a power source. The intermediate device system may comprise a housing with an exterior surface and an interior cavity configured to receive at least one electrical device. The intermediate device system may comprise a control unit communicatively coupled to a processor and configured to receive and process substantially real-time information from at least one of the electronic devices and create a data set based on the received real-time information. The data set may comprise a parameter of the surrounding environment and/or an instruction set configured to operate the at least one electrical devices within the intermediate device system and/or a second intermediate device system within the network. The intermediate device system may also comprise a communication module communicatively coupled to the control unit that forms a bidirectional communication channel to facilitate transfer of the data set between the intermediate device system and a second communication module of the second intermediate device system and receive an incoming data set from the second communication module.

A substrate includes a ceramic layer, a metal layer fixed in a planar manner on a surface side of the ceramic layer and a cutout arranged in an edge region of the metal layer. The cutout in the edge region codes information. A multiple substrate having a plurality of these substrates is also provided, as is a method for producing the substrate.