A heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1: ##STR00001## wherein, in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as described in the specification.

Photoelectric conversion element including: substrate; first electrode; hole-blocking layer; photoelectric conversion layer; and second electrode, the photoelectric conversion layer including electron-transporting layer and hole-transporting layer, wherein in photoelectric conversion element edge part in direction orthogonal to stacking direction of the substrate, first electrode, hole-blocking layer, photoelectric conversion layer, and second electrode, electron-transporting layer outermost end is positioned inside than first electrode outermost end, hole-transporting layer outermost end is positioned outside than second electrode outermost end, and the second electrode outermost end is positioned inside than the electron-transporting layer outermost end, and height of edge part including the first electrode outermost end in the stacking direction is smaller than total of average thicknesses of first electrode, hole-blocking layer, and electron-transporting layer, where the height is distance between substrate surface at first electrode side and portion of first electrode closest to second electrode side in the photoelectric conversion element edge part.

Photoelectric conversion element including: substrate; first electrode; hole-blocking layer; photoelectric conversion layer; and second electrode, the photoelectric conversion layer including electron-transporting layer and hole-transporting layer, wherein in photoelectric conversion element edge part in direction orthogonal to stacking direction of the substrate, first electrode, hole-blocking layer, photoelectric conversion layer, and second electrode, electron-transporting layer outermost end is positioned inside than first electrode outermost end, hole-transporting layer outermost end is positioned outside than second electrode outermost end, and the second electrode outermost end is positioned inside than the electron-transporting layer outermost end, and height of edge part including the first electrode outermost end in the stacking direction is smaller than total of average thicknesses of first electrode, hole-blocking layer, and electron-transporting layer, where the height is distance between substrate surface at first electrode side and portion of first electrode closest to second electrode side in the photoelectric conversion element edge part.

The present specification relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an organic light emitting device comprising the same.

A display device includes: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a circuit portion including a first circuit portion and a second circuit portion on the non-display area; a valley portion separating the first circuit portion and the second circuit portion from each other; and a thin film encapsulation layer sealing the display area, the thin film encapsulation layer extending from the display area to the valley portion, and the first circuit portion is between the valley portion and the display area, the second circuit portion is at an outside of the valley portion, an internal layer on the first circuit portion includes a plurality of island portions that are apart from one another in a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction, and an external layer on the second circuit portion includes at least one groove extending in the first direction.

Provided is a stretchable display device. The stretchable display device includes a substrate and a base pattern on the substrate, wherein the base pattern comprises a first portion, a second portion, and a connection portion configured to connect the first portion to the second portion. The stretchable display device includes a lower electrode on the first portion of the base pattern; an upper electrode on the lower electrode, a light emitting structure between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, and a protective layer configured to cover top and side surfaces of the upper electrode, side surfaces of the light emitting structure, a side surface of the lower electrode, and a portion of a side surface of the base pattern. The upper electrode extends to a top surface of the connection portion and a top surface of the second portion of the base pattern, and the first portion and the second portion of the base pattern extend in a first direction parallel to a top surface of the substrate. The first portion and the second portion are parallel to the top surface of the substrate and are spaced apart from each other in a second direction crossing the first direction. The connection portion extends in the second direction. A level of the lowermost surface of the protective layer is disposed between a bottom surface of the lower electrode and a bottom surface of the base pattern.

A display apparatus includes a substrate defining an opening area and including a display area and an intermediate area between the opening area and the display area; an inorganic insulating layer in the display area and the intermediate area; a pixel circuit in the display area; an organic insulating layer on the pixel circuit; a pixel electrode on the organic insulating layer, an intermediate layer on the pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode on the intermediate layer; a thin-film encapsulation layer on the opposite electrode and comprising a first inorganic encapsulation layer, a second inorganic encapsulation layer, and an organic encapsulation layer between the first and second inorganic encapsulation layer; and a partition wall on the organic insulating layer and including at least two dams, wherein the inorganic insulating layer is in contact with the thin-film encapsulation layer in an area between the partition wall and the opening area.

A display apparatus includes a substrate defining an opening area and including a display area and an intermediate area between the opening area and the display area; an inorganic insulating layer in the display area and the intermediate area; a pixel circuit in the display area; an organic insulating layer on the pixel circuit; a pixel electrode on the organic insulating layer, an intermediate layer on the pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode on the intermediate layer; a thin-film encapsulation layer on the opposite electrode and comprising a first inorganic encapsulation layer, a second inorganic encapsulation layer, and an organic encapsulation layer between the first and second inorganic encapsulation layer; and a partition wall on the organic insulating layer and including at least two dams, wherein the inorganic insulating layer is in contact with the thin-film encapsulation layer in an area between the partition wall and the opening area.

An organic light-emitting device having a perovskite layer having a thickness of 50 nm or more has a low drive voltage and a high power efficiency, and can suppress interelectrode short-circuiting and current leakage.

A method of patterning a light-emitting layer and a method of manufacturing a light-emitting diode device are provided, including: providing a substrate; forming a first electrode layer on the substrate; forming a sacrificial layer on the first electrode layer; patterning the sacrificial layer to remove the sacrificial layer in a first region of the substrate and retain the sacrificial layer in a second region of the substrate, the first electrode layer is at least partially located in the first region; forming a first carrier auxiliary layer in the first region and the second region; forming a light-emitting layer on the first carrier auxiliary layer, and removing the retained sacrificial layer in the second region and the first carrier auxiliary layer and the light-emitting layer covering the retained sacrificial layer, and retaining the first carrier auxiliary layer and the light-emitting layer in the first region, to pattern the light-emitting layer.