Provided are phenazine copolymers and methods of making and using phenazine copolymers. The phenazine copolymers may be made from one or more phenazine precursors and one or more co-monomer precursors, one or more phenazine precursors and one or more cross-linking precursors, or one or more phenazine precursors and both one or more cross-linking precursors and one or more co-monomer precursors. The phenazine copolymers may be used in/on cathodes. The cathodes may be used in a variety of devices, such as, for example, batteries or supercapacitors.

A ligand for metal complexes are disclosed, in which an imidazole ring is fused to an aromatic ring as a substituent or an imidazole ring is fused to a six-member ring of the original ligand. The features of these elements within the ligand afford a better device performance in general OLED device.

The present disclosure discloses an electroluminescent diode and a display device. The electroluminescent diode includes a cathode, a luminescent layer, a hole transport layer and an anode. The hole transport layer has a hole injection control structure, the hole injection control structure includes a first hole conduction layer and a second hole conduction layer that are stacked, and a material of the second hole conduction layer is a material used in the first hole conduction layer that is P-type doped. The hole injection control structure may significantly improve the performance of hole injection in the electroluminescent diode, so as to balance a number of carriers in the electroluminescent diode, thereby effectively improving the luminescence performance and prolonging the service life thereof.

According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first bottom electrode, a second bottom electrode, a first organic layer covering the first bottom electrode, a second organic layer covering the second bottom electrode, a first top electrode covering the first organic layer, a second top electrode covering the second organic layer, a first optical adjustment layer disposed on the first top electrode, a second optical adjustment layer disposed on the second top electrode, and a transparent conductive layer covering the first optical adjustment layer and the second optical adjustment layer, and being in contact with the first top electrode and the second top electrode.

A heterocyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device including the same are provided. The heterocyclic compound is represented by Formula 1: ##STR00001## Details of R1, R2, R3, X1, L1, and a1 and b1 are provided in the disclosure.

The present disclosure provides an electroluminescent display apparatus including a substrate including a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel, a first electrode in each of the first subpixel, the second subpixel, and the third subpixel on the substrate, a bank provided in a boundary between any two of the first subpixel, the second subpixel, and the third subpixel to cover an edge of the first electrode, a protection layer on the first electrode and the bank, a light emitting layer on the protection layer, and a second electrode on the light emitting layer.

Provided are an organic electroluminescence device, which shows high luminous efficiency, is free of any pixel defect, and has a long lifetime, and a material for an organic electroluminescence device for realizing the device. The material for an organic electroluminescence device is a compound having a π-conjugated heteroacene skeleton crosslinked with a carbon atom, nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, or sulfur atom. The organic electroluminescence device has one or more organic thin film layers including a light emitting layer between a cathode and an anode, and at least one layer of the organic thin film layers contains the material for an organic electroluminescence device.

An encapsulation structure, an encapsulation method, an electroluminescent device, and display equipment, which relate to the technical field of displays. The encapsulation structure comprises: a first inorganic dielectric layer (1), wherein the first inorganic dielectric layer (1) has a surface attached to a surface of a cathode layer (4) of an electroluminescent device; a chromatic dispersion relationship between the first inorganic dielectric layer (1), the cathode layer (4) and an electron injection layer (5) of the electroluminescent device meets a preset condition; the preset condition is used for defining an optical parameter of a first interface, the optical parameter is related to chromatic dispersion, and the optical parameter is used for coupling surface plasmon polaritons on interfaces on both sides of the cathode layer (4); and the first interface is an interface between the first inorganic dielectric layer (1) and the cathode layer (4).

A device having a layered structure that includes a layer of phase change material and a matrix material layer having embedding quantum emitters is tuned. An electric field is applied through the matrix material layer and the layer of phase change material to change the emission wavelengths of the quantum emitters. A phase of the phase change material is changed, in a non-volatile manner, in each of one or more of local areas of the phase change material, to form local alterations that are opposite to respective ones of the quantum emitters in the matrix material layer, to locally modify the electric field at the respective quantum emitters.

A method for depositing a conductive coating on a surface is provided, the method including treating the surface by depositing fullerene on the surface to produce a treated surface and depositing the conductive coating on the treated surface. The conductive coating generally includes magnesium. A product and an organic optoelectronic device produced according to the method are also provided.