A display device includes: a metal layer provided outside an effective display region; and a filter-layered body provided facing the metal layer. The filter-layered body includes a first color filter and a second color filter having a hole.

A perovskite optical element includes a light guiding unit and a luminescent layer. The light guiding unit is configured to conduct light and serves as a resonant cavity. The luminescent layer is a thin film made of perovskite material and clads the light guiding unit. The luminescent layer is configured to be excited by an excitation module to emit light. The light is conducted and output by the light guiding unit. A manufacturing method of a perovskite optical element includes preparing a dip coating solution; dipping a single crystal optical fiber in the dip coating solution for one hour, removing the single crystal optical fiber out of the dip coating solution, and drying the single crystal optical fiber; and placing the single crystal optical fiber into a tube furnace, heating the crystal optical fiber, and introducing synthetic molecules into the tube furnace.

An electroluminescent display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Each of a plurality of pixel units included in the electroluminescent display panel includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, respectively, each of the sub-pixels includes a first electrode, and a light-emitting layer, respectively, taking a planar surface of the first electrode facing the light-emitting layer as a reference plane, the light-emitting layer of the first sub-pixel is on a first anti-node of a first standing wave, the light-emitting layer of the second sub-pixel is on a second anti-node of a second standing wave, and the light-emitting layer of the third sub-pixel is on a second anti-node of a third standing wave.

A light emitting apparatus includes a first light emitting element for a first color and a second light emitting element for a second color whose wavelength is shorter than the wavelength of the first color. The first light emitting element includes a first reflection layer, a first transparent insulating layer, a first transparent electrode layer, a first light emitting layer, and a first upper electrode layer in this order. The second light emitting element includes a second reflection layer, a second transparent electrode layer, a second light emitting layer, and a second upper electrode layer in this order. The second reflection layer and the second transparent electrode layer are in contact with each other.

An OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) device can include a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer which are non-patterned and stacked as common layers configured such that a thickness of each of a hole transporting layer, the red emission layer, the green emission layer, and the blue emission layer is respectively less than those corresponding layers in a conventional OLED device having a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer which are patterned.

An organic light-emitting device includes: a first pixel electrode on a first emission region, a second pixel electrode on a second emission region, and a third pixel electrode on a third emission region; a counter electrode facing each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode; and an interlayer between the counter electrode and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode. The interlayer includes an emission layer, and a hole transport region between the emission layer and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode, the hole transport region includes a planarization layer that includes an amine-based compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B, and the amine-based compound has a crystallization peak having a noise-to-peak ratio of 1.75 or more in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.

An organic light-emitting device includes: a first pixel electrode on a first emission region, a second pixel electrode on a second emission region, and a third pixel electrode on a third emission region; a counter electrode facing each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode; and an interlayer between the counter electrode and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode. The interlayer includes an emission layer, and a hole transport region between the emission layer and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode, the hole transport region includes a planarization layer that includes an amine-based compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B, and the amine-based compound has a crystallization peak having a noise-to-peak ratio of 1.75 or more in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.

A display device includes a substrate provided with a plurality of pixels, a circuit element layer provided on the substrate and provided with an auxiliary electrode, an insulating layer provided on the circuit element layer and provided with a plurality of connection electrodes spaced apart from one another and a first trench, a fence structure provided on the plurality of connection electrodes, an organic light emitting layer provided on the fence structure, and a second electrode arranged on the organic light emitting layer, wherein the plurality of connection electrodes are electrically connected with the auxiliary electrode, at least one of the plurality of connection electrodes is exposed from the first trench, and the second electrode is in contact with a connection electrode exposed from the first trench. Therefore, a luminance difference between an outer portion of a panel and a center portion of the panel may be reduced.

A light-emitting device includes an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer include a mixture of a first material, a second material, and a third material, wherein the first material includes an electron transport compound, the second material includes a metal-containing material, and the third material includes a low-refractive-index compound. An electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device is also provided.

The present disclosure provides a light-emitting element having an emission region and a contact region. In the emission region the light-emitting element has, a wiring layer, an interlayer insulating layer, a reflective layer, an optical adjustment layer, a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, in this order from a substrate side; and in the contact region has, the wiring layer, a conductor, the first electrode, the light-emitting layer, and the second electrode, in this order from the substrate side. The conductor is electrically connected to both the first electrode and the wiring layer. A shortest distance between the first electrode and the substrate in the contact region is equal to or greater than a shortest distance between the reflective layer and the substrate in the emission region.