Provided are a display panel and a display terminal. The display panel includes a display region and a non-display region surrounding the display region. The display panel includes a cathode signal trace and a cathode layer, the cathode signal trace includes a first trace part, and the first trace part is located in the display region, the cathode layer is located at one side of the cathode signal trace, covers the display region, and is electrically connected to the first trace part.

An embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a display device including a substrate including a display area and a peripheral area around the display area, a thin-film transistor on the substrate in the display area and a display element electrically connected to the thin-film transistor, and a first voltage line and a second voltage line located on the substrate in the peripheral area and supplying power for driving the display element, wherein the first voltage line is a common voltage line and entirely surrounds the display area, the second voltage line is a driving voltage line and is arranged to correspond to one side of the display area, and the first voltage line and the second voltage line are on different layers.

A white organic light emitting device can include first and second electrodes on a substrate; a first stack configured with a hole injection layer, a first hole transportation layer, a first light emission layer and a first electron transportation layer which are stacked on the first electrode; a second stack configured with a second hole transportation layer, a second light emission layer, a third light emission layer, and a second electron transportation layer which are stacked on the first stack; a third stack interposed between the second stack and the second electrode and configured with a third hole transportation layer, a fourth light emission layer, a third electron transportation layer and an electron injection layer which are stacked on the second stack; and charge generation layers interposed between the first and second stacks and between the second and third stacks and configured to adjust a charge balance between the stacks.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a display on the substrate, a dam outside the display and spaced from the display, the dam having a stacked multi-layer structure and having a first side surface that faces the display, a second side surface opposite to the display, and a top, a groove in a separation area between the display and the dam, and an encapsulation layer that includes a first inorganic layer and an organic layer on the first inorganic layer, the first inorganic layer covering the display and extending along an inner surface of the groove, and an end of the organic layer being contained in the groove.

An organic light emitting element is provided. An organic light emitting element according to an exemplary embodiment includes: a first electrode and a second electrode that face each other; an emission layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electron injection layer provided between the second electrode and the emission layer, wherein the electron injection layer includes Ca, and the second electrode includes a first material including at least one of Ag, Al, and Mg and a second material including at least one of Yb, Ca, Sm, Eu, Tb, Sr, Ba, La, and Ce.

The present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) touch display panel. The OLED touch display panel includes a packaging substrate, having a touch sensing region and a touch pin line region on a first surface of the packaging substrate, the touch sensing region including a plurality of touch electrodes, the touch pin line region including a plurality of touch lines forming one-to-one electrical connections with the touch electrodes; and an array substrate, having a display region, a connecting region, and a packaging region on a first surface of the array substrate, the display region having an OLED structure, the connecting region having a plurality of conductive lines connectable to a touch control chip. The first surface of the packaging substrate and the first surface of the array substrate are facing each other, the conductive lines forming one-to-one connection with the touch lines through a plurality of via holes.

A light emitting photonic crystal having an organic light emitting diode and methods of making the same are disclosed. An organic light emitting diode disposed within a photonic structure having a band-gap, or stop-band, allows the photonic structure to emit light at wavelengths occurring at the edges of the band-gap. Photonic crystal structures that provide this function may include materials having a refractive index that varies periodically such as distributed Bragg reflectors, aligned nematic liquid crystals, and holographically recorded gratings.

An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate, an anode on the substrate, a hole transport region on the anode, an emission layer on the hole transport region, an electron transport region on the emission layer, and a cathode on the electron transport region, wherein the electron transport region includes an electron injection layer including a first material including at least one of a halide of an alkali metal, and a second material including at least one of a lanthanide metal and a alkaline earth metal, and wherein the cathode contacts the electron injection layer and includes a first metal including at least one of silver, gold, platinum, copper, manganese, titanium, cobalt, nickel, and tungsten, and a second metal including at least one of a lanthanide metal and an alkaline earth metal, wherein an amount of the first metal is equal to or greater than that of the second metal.

An electroluminescent display device which may improve display quality is discussed. The electroluminescent display device includes a substrate in which a plurality of pixel areas are defined, a first electrode arranged in each pixel area, a light emitting layer on the first electrode within the pixel area, and a second electrode on the light emitting layer. Particularly, a step difference portion is arranged at an edge of the pixel area, and is partially or fully be filled with the light emitting layer. Film uniformity of the light emitting layer within the pixel area may be improved by arrangement of the step difference portion.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a material having a high Tg and a wide energy gap. The present invention provides a spirofluorene derivative represented by General Formula 1. (In the formula, R.sup.1 is any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a group represented by General Formula 2. Each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is either hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and may be identical or different. R.sup.4 is an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms. Each of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms and may be identical or different.)

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