The present disclosure relates to a method of printing multi-nanoparticles using evaporation dynamics and surface energy control, the method includes: a step S1 of forming a pattern on a surface of a substrate by irradiating ultraviolet rays to a portion of the surface through a photomask; a step S2 of coating the substrate with a solution containing nanoparticles; and a step S3 of lowering surface energy of the coated nanoparticles.

An object is to provide an organic semiconductor element having excellent carrier mobility and heat resistance of a semiconductor active layer, an organic semiconductor composition for obtaining this element, an organic semiconductor film, and a method of manufacturing an organic semiconductor element in which the composition is used, and another object is to provide a compound and an oligomer or a polymer that are suitably used in the organic semiconductor element, the organic semiconductor composition, the organic semiconductor film, and the method of manufacturing an organic semiconductor element.

The organic semiconductor element of the present invention includes a compound represented by Formula 1 below in a semiconductor active layer. In Formula 1, X represents a chalcogen atom, p and q each independently represent an integer of 0 to 2, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a halogen atom or a group represented by Formula W below.

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A deposition source and an organic layer deposition apparatus that may be simply applied to the manufacture of large-sized display apparatuses on a mass scale and may prevent or substantially prevent deposition source nozzles from being blocked during deposition of a deposition material, thereby improving manufacturing yield and deposition efficiency. A deposition source includes a first deposition source including a plurality of first deposition source nozzles, and a second deposition source including a plurality of second deposition source nozzles wherein the plurality of first deposition source nozzles and the plurality of second deposition source nozzles are tilted toward each other.

Provided is an organic electronic material which is excellent in storage stability in the case as an ink composition, and able to prepare, at a high yield, an organic electronic element capable of reducing the driving voltage and of being driven stably for a long period of time, and an ink composition including the organic electronic material. The organic electronic material is characterized in that it contains at least an ionic compound represented by the following general formula (1), and a compound including a charge transporting unit, and the ink composition including the material. [In the general formula (1), R.sup.a to R.sup.c each independently represent a hydrogen atom (H), an alkyl group, or a benzyl group, and N is not bonded to an aryl group. A represents an anion.] ##STR00001##

According to one embodiment, a method of forming a pattern includes preparing a substrate having a liquid-repellent face and a lyophilic pattern which are located adjacent to each other on a surface of the substrate, the lyophilic pattern having a surface energy different from the liquid-repellent face, bringing ink into contact with the substrate, and applying the ink to the lyophilic pattern by moving a contacted ink surface. The lyophilic pattern includes a linear main lyophilic pattern and an auxiliary lyophilic pattern connected to the lyophilic pattern. A liquid-repellent region is defined in the liquid-repellent face between the main lyophilic pattern and the auxiliary lyophilic pattern.

Provided are a process for preparing a crystalline organic semiconductor material wherein the conditions of crystallization lead to the formation of crystals at the gas liquid interface having advantageous semiconductor properties, the obtained crystalline organic semiconductor material and the use thereof for the production of organic semiconductor devices, in particular organic field effect transistors and organic solar cells.

An object to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an organic semiconductor element and an organic semiconductor film having high mobility and excellent heat resistance, and a manufacturing method thereof, to provide a novel compound that is suitable as an organic semiconductor, and to provide a composition for forming an organic semiconductor film in which coating film formability is excellent, with which an organic semiconductor element that has high mobility can be obtained, and in which heat resistance is excellent, an organic semiconductor element in which the composition for forming an organic semiconductor film is used, and a manufacturing method thereof.

The organic semiconductor element according to the present invention includes a compound represented by Formula 1 below included in an organic semiconductor layer.

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The invention relates to a method for producing a vertical organic field-effect transistor, in which a vertical organic field-effect transistor with a layer arrangement is produced on a substrate, said layer arrangement including transistor electrodes, namely a first electrode (23; 24), a second electrode (23; 24) and a third electrode (32), electrically insulating layers (25; 34) and an organic semiconductor layer (28). In addition, a vertical organic field-effect transistor is provided, which includes a layer arrangement with transistor electrodes on a substrate (21).

A thin-film transistor array includes a substrate and thin-film transistors positioned in matrix on the substrate. The thin-film transistors each include source and drain electrodes formed on a gate insulation layer, and a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulation layer and positioned between the source and drain electrodes. The semiconductor layer is formed in stripes over the plurality of thin-film transistors such that one of the stripes has a long axis direction coinciding with a channel width direction of one of the thin-film transistors. The semiconductor layer has a cross section in a short axis direction of the stripe such that a thickness of the semiconductor layer gradually decreases outwardly from a center portion of the stripe.

Disclosed is a process whereby diverse classes of materials can be 3D printed and fully integrated into device components with active properties. An exemplary embodiment shows the seamless interweaving of five different materials, including (1) emissive semiconducting inorganic nanoparticles, (2) an elastomeric matrix, (3) organic polymers as charge transport layers, (4) solid and liquid metal leads, and (5) a UV-adhesive transparent substrate layer, demonstrating the integrated functionality of these materials. Further disclosed is a device for printing these fully integrated 3D devices.