Use of transition metal complexes of the formula (I) in organic light-emitting diodes ##STR00001## where: M.sup.1 is a metal atom; carbene is a carbene ligand; L is a monoanionic or dianionic ligand; K is an uncharged monodentate or bidentate ligand selected from the group consisting of phosphines; CO; pyridines; nitriles and conjugated dienes which form a π complex with M.sup.1; n is the number of carbene ligands and is at least 1; m is the number of ligands L, where m can be 0 or ≥1; o is the number of ligands K, where o can be 0 or ≥1; where the sum n+m+o is dependent on the oxidation state and coordination number of the metal atom and on the denticity of the ligands carbene, L and K and also on the charge on the ligands carbene and L, with the proviso that n is at least 1, and also
an OLED comprising these transition metal complexes, a light-emitting layer comprising these transition metal complexes, OLEDs comprising this light-emitting layer, devices comprising an OLED according to the present invention, and specific transition metal complexes comprising atb least two carbene ligands.

The invention relates to heteroaromatic compounds, particularly for use in electronic devices. The invention further relates to a method for producing the compounds according to the invention and to electronic devices containing same.

The present invention relates to iridium complexes suitable for use in organic electroluminescent devices, especially as emitters.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a luminescent thin film, a luminescent multilayered film, and an organic electroluminescent element that have luminescence properties with excellent storage stability in atmospheric air; and a production method therefor. This luminescent thin film contains a luminescent compound A, and is characterized by containing 0.0001 mass % or more of an oxide B of luminescent compound A in terms of the luminescent compound A.

Provided are an organic electroluminescence device, which shows high luminous efficiency, is free of any pixel defect, and has a long lifetime, and a material for an organic electroluminescence device for realizing the device. The material for an organic electroluminescence device is a compound having a π-conjugated heteroacene skeleton crosslinked with a carbon atom, nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, or sulfur atom. The organic electroluminescence device has one or more organic thin film layers including a light emitting layer between a cathode and an anode, and at least one layer of the organic thin film layers contains the material for an organic electroluminescence device.

The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a mixture comprising an electron-transporting host material and a hole-transporting host material, and to a formulation comprising a mixture of the host materials and to a mixture comprising the host materials. The electron-transporting host material corresponds to a compound of the formula (1) from the class of compounds containing a bispirofluorenyl unit.

A metal complex which is useful for production of a light emitting device of which long-term degradation is suppressed is provided. The metal complex is represented by the formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein, one of Y.sup.a and Y.sup.b is a single bond, and the other is a group represented by the formula (C-1):

##STR00002##

and wherein at least one of Ring R.sup.A, Ring R.sup.B1, Ring R.sup.B2, Ring R.sup.C1 and Ring R.sup.C2 has a group represented by the formula (D-A), the formula (D-B) or the formula (D-C) as a substituent.

Provided are an organometallic compound, an organic light-emitting device including the same, and an electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device, the organometallic compound having a charge capture ability (CCA) of about 4.0 to about 10.5 and including a transition metal and a ligand(s) in the number of n linked to the transition metal, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 6, and the ligand(s) in the number of n includes at least one ligand linked to the transition metal through carbon, nitrogen, or a combination thereof, and the ligand(s) in the number of n does not include a ligand linked to the transition metal through two oxygens.

Provided is an electroluminescent device. The electroluminescent device includes an anode, a cathode and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, where the organic layer includes at least a first compound having a structure of H-L-E and a second compound having a general formula of M(L.sub.a).sub.m(L.sub.b).sub.n(L.sub.c).sub.q. The novel material combination consisting of the first compound and the second compound can enable the electroluminescent device to obtain a lower voltage, higher efficiency and an ultra-long lifetime and can provide better device performance. Further provided are a display assembly and a compound combination.

A heteroleptic compound having a Formula Ir(L.sub.A).sub.m(L.sub.B).sub.3-m, having a structure of Formula I

##STR00001##

is disclosed. In Formula I, m is 1 or 2; moieties A, C, and D are each independently monocyclic rings or polycyclic fused ring structures; each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.A, R.sup.B, R.sup.C, R.sup.D, and R.sup.E is independently hydrogen or a substituent; if moiety A is a monocyclic 6-membered ring, then the R.sup.A para to N of ring A is not an aryl group; at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and combinations thereof; and adjacent substituents can be joined to form a ring. OLEDs, consumer products, and formulations including the heteroleptic compound are also disclosed.