The present disclosure provides methods and compositions for an organic nanofiber-based heterojunction material, comprising nano fibers of an acceptor molecule, the nano fibers coated with a donor molecule, where the acceptor molecule contains a group and the donor molecule contains a companion group, wherein the group and companion group enables strong binding between the acceptor molecule and donor molecule, the strong binding providing for efficient forward electron transfer between the acceptor molecule and donor molecule, and wherein the group and companion group minimize charge carrier recombination between the acceptor molecule and the donor molecule.

Provided is a 4-oxoquinoline compounds of the formula (I) (I) wherein A is selected from diradicals of the formulae (A.1), (A.2), (A.3), (A.4), (A.5) and (A.6), (A.1) (A.2) (A.3) (A.4) (A.5) (A.6) wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2a, R.sup.2b, R.sup.3, R.sup.3a, if present R.sup.4a, R.sup.4b, R.sup.5a, R.sup.5b, R.sup.6a, R.sup.6b, R.sup.6c, R.sup.6d, R.sup.n1, R.sup.n2, R.sup.n3, R.sup.n4, R.sup.m5, R.sup.m6, R.sup.m7, R.sup.m8, R.sup.7, R.sup.8a, R.sup.9 and R.sup.9a are as defined in the claims and in the description. Also provided is a method for their preparation and their use.

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The invention relates to purely organic molecules according to formula A without metal center and their use as emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and in other optoelectronic devices

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with Y is independently selected from the group consisting of C, PR, S, and S(═O); W is independently selected from the group consisting of C(CN).sub.2, NR, O, and S; X is selected from the group consisting of CR.sup.2, C═C(CN).sub.2, NR, O, and S; Ar is a substituted aryl or heteroaryl group with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which is substituted with m same or different radicals R* and with n same or different donor groups D with electron-donating properties, wherein m+n equals the number of substitutable ring atoms and wherein D comprises a structure of formula I:

##STR00002##

wherein A and B are independently selected from the group consisting of CRR′, CR, NR, and N, wherein there is a single of a double bond between A and B and a single or a double bond between B and Z; Z is a direct bond or a divalent organic bridge group selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C9-alkylene group, C2-C8-alkenylene group, C2-C8-alkynylene or arylene group or a combination of these, —CRR′, —C═CRR′, —C═NR, —NR—, —O—, —SiRR′—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O).sub.2—, O-interrupted substituted or unsubstituted C1-C9-alkylene, C2-C8-alkenylene, C2-C8-alkynylene or arylene groups, and phenyl or substituted phenyl units; wherein the waved line indicates the position over which D is bound to Ar.

An electro-polarizable compound has the following general formula:

##STR00001##

Core1 is an aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule having two-dimensional teat form and self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, R1 is a dopant group connected to Core1; a number m of R1 groups is 1, 2, 3 or 4. R2 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups connected to Core1; a number p of ionic groups R2 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The fragment marked NLE has a nonlinear polarization effect. Core2 is an electro-conductive oligomer self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, a number n of such oligomers is 0, 2, or 4. R3 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups connected to Core2; a number s of the ionic groups R3 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. R4 is a resistive substituent providing solubility of the compound in a solvent and electrically insulating the column-like supramolecules from each other. A number k of substituents R4 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

A specific nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound having a urea structure, an electron transporting material containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, and an organic electroluminescence device including a light emitting layer and an electron transporting layer between a cathode and an anode in which the electron transporting layer includes the electron transporting material or the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative. An organic EL device exhibiting high emission efficiency even at low voltage and a material for organic EL devices are described.

A thin-film transistor substrate is disclosed, which comprises a base layer; a semiconductor layer disposed on the base layer; a source electrode and a drain electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer; and a gate electrode disposed on the base layer and corresponding to the semiconductor layer; wherein the semiconductor layer includes a first region, a second region, and a third region, in which the first region corresponds to the gate electrode layer, the second region corresponds to the source electrode, and the third region corresponds to the drain electrode; and wherein the first region has a first thickness, the second region has a second thickness, and the third region has a third thickness, and the first thickness is greater than the second thickness or the third thickness.

A thin film semiconductor comprising a compound of formula I or II wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, at each occurrence, independently are selected from a C.sub.1-30 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-30 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-30 alkynyl group and a C.sub.1-30 haloalkyl group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 independently are H or an electron-withdrawing group, wherein at least one of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 is an electron-withdrawing group; and a non-conductive polymer.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel light-emitting materials. These materials comprise a side chain that includes a fully deuterated or partially deuterated alkyl chain. This new side chain could improve device lifetime compared to nondeuterated side chains.

Provided are a process for preparing a crystalline organic semiconductor material wherein the conditions of crystallization lead to the formation of crystals at the gas liquid interface having advantageous semiconductor properties, the obtained crystalline organic semiconductor material and the use thereof for the production of organic semiconductor devices, in particular organic field effect transistors and organic solar cells.

Embodiments include radiative heat-blocking materials comprising one or more non-fullerene components and optionally one or more hole-scavenging components. Embodiments further include windows comprising a transparent photovoltaic device configured to transmit visible light and absorb infrared radiation, wherein an active layer of the photovoltaic device comprises the radiative heat-blocking material. Embodiments further include other devices based on the radiative heat-blocking materials.