The present specification provides the compound represented by Formula 1 and an organic solar cell including the same.

Visibly transparent photovoltaic devices are disclosed, such as those are transparent to visible light but absorb near-infrared light and/or ultraviolet light. The photovoltaic devices make use of transparent electrodes and near-infrared absorbing visibly transparent photoactive compounds, optical materials, and/or buffer materials.

High efficiency multi-junction small-molecule organic photovoltaic devices and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed herein. Design considerations for improving spectral coverage and light-harvesting efficiency using the multi-junction devices are also disclosed.

Provided is a compound of Chemical Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein: X.sub.1 to X.sub.6 are each independently CH or N, provided that at least one of X.sub.1 to X.sub.6 is N; Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted: C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl containing one or more of N, O, and S, provided that at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is any one of:

##STR00002## R.sub.2 is hydrogen, deuterium, or a substituted or unsubstituted: C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl containing one or more of N, O and S; each R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, deuterium, or a substituted or unsubstituted: C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl containing one or more of N, O, and S; each R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen, deuterium, or a substituted or unsubstituted: C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl containing one or more of N, O and S; and n is an integer of 0 to 8, and organic light emitting devices including the same.

Small organic molecule semi-conducting chromophores containing a halogen-substituted core structure are disclosed. Such compounds can be used in organic heterojunction devices, such as organic small molecule solar cells and transistors.

The present specification relates to an organic solar cell including a first electrode; a second electrode; and one or more organic material layers including a photoactive layer, wherein the photoactive layer includes an electron donor and an electron acceptor, the electron donor includes a polymer including a first unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; a second unit represented by Chemical Formula 2; and a third unit represented by Chemical Formula 3, and the electron acceptor includes a non-fullerene-based compound.

Small molecule compounds having aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics. The compounds include organic, aromatic salts having anion-π.sup.+ interactions. In some embodiments, the anion-π.sup.+ interactions can include heavy-atom-anion-π.sup.+ interactions. The heavy atom anions can include bromine or iodide, for example. The compounds can be water-soluble. The compounds can be useful as probes for bioimaging, as room temperature luminogens for electroluminescent devices, and white organic light-emitting applications.

Provided is a photoelectric conversion element including a first electrode, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, a first hole transport layer, and a second electrode, wherein the first hole transport layer includes at least one of basic compounds represented by general formula (1a) and general formula (1b) below: ##STR00001## where in the formula (1a) or (1b), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or aromatic hydrocarbon group and may be identical or different, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may bind with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom.

Provided is a photoelectric conversion element including: a first electrode; a hole blocking layer; an electron transport layer; a hole transport layer; and a second electrode, wherein the hole blocking layer includes a metal oxide including a titanium atom and a niobium atom.

Provided are a compound represented by Formula 1, an organic electric element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the compound of Formula 1, and an electronic device comprising the element, where the driving voltage of the organic electronic device is lowered, and the luminous efficiency and life time of the organic electronic device is improved.