A superconductor device includes a low-dimensional material with a critical temperature higher than a critical temperature corresponding to a bulk form of the low-dimensional material. The low-dimensional material can include shape and structural modifications of a low-dimensional material. The superconductor device can include various conformational arrangements of the low-dimensional material such as nanoribbons, nanotubes, or helices. The superconductor device can include functional groups, such as hydrogen, attached to the low-dimensional material. The superconductor device can include metallic clusters located in proximity to the low-dimensional material. The superconductor device can include a low-dimensional material which is a monolayer, bilayer or multilayer.

Provided is an anode with surface quantum states and a semiconductor device, which relates to the technical field of organic semiconductor optoelectronic devices. The anode with the surface quantum states is applied to a semiconductor device, including a substrate, a conductive anode, and a surface quantum state generation region arranged in sequence from bottom to top. Holes are directly injected into HOMO energy level of a hole transport layer through charge transfer quantum states on the surface of an anode, and thus the performance of the semiconductor device can be improved.