A family of carboxylic acid groups containing fluorene/fluorenon copolymers is disclosed as binders of silicon particles in the fabrication of negative electrodes for use with lithium ion batteries. Triethyleneoxide side chains provide improved adhesion to materials such as, graphite, silicon, silicon alloy, tin, tin alloy. These binders enable the use of silicon as an electrode material as they significantly improve the cycle-ability of silicon by preventing electrode degradation over time. In particular, these polymers, which become conductive on first charge, bind to the silicon particles of the electrode, are flexible so as to better accommodate the expansion and contraction of the electrode during charge/discharge, and being conductive promote the flow battery current.

An electrically conductive polymer composition has high electrical conductivity, excellent water resistance, high density, and excellent smoothness. Also disclosed is a solid electrolyte capacitor which is prevented from the reduction in electrical conductivity, has low ESR, and also has excellent reliability. Further disclosed is a method for producing the solid electrolyte capacitor. The electrically conductive polymer composition is produced by removing a dispersion medium from an electrically conductive polymer suspension, wherein the electrically conductive polymer suspension includes: an electrically conductive polymer material including a dopant composed of a polyacid or a salt thereof and an electrically conductive polymer; at least one compound (A) selected from erythritol, xylitol and pentaerythritol; and the dispersion medium.

Compositions and methods related to conducting polymeric compositions that can be used for the storage of electrical energy are generally provided. In some embodiments, the composition comprises redox active polymers comprising an electrophilic nitrogen containing heterocycle and an electron rich aromatic compound. In some embodiments, the composition comprises a triazine-based polymer. The electroactive polymers may be formed, in some cases, by polymerizing an electrophilic nitrogen containing heterocycle-based unit with an electron rich aromatic compound in the presence of heat and an acid-based catalyst. The resulting electroactive polymers may be suitable as polymer films for use as electrodes in energy storage devices. The polymer films disposed as electrodes can improve the energy density of such devices.

Disclosed herein are conductive polymer-based composites. The composites include a conductive polymer entangled in a thin substrate. The composites may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic. The hydrophilic composites may be used as solar steamers for water purification, and the hydrophobic composites can be used to sequester hydrophobic materials, such as oil, from watery mixes.

A charge-transfer salt formed from a material comprising a repeat unit of formula (I) and an n-dopant: wherein BG is a backbone group of the repeat unit; R.sup.1 is a ionic substituent comprising at least one cationic or anionic group; n is at least 1; R.sup.2 is a non-ionic substituent; and m is 0 or a positive integer; the material further comprising a counterion balancing the charge of the cationic or anionic group. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to a continuous flow process for preparing conducting polymers, for example polyaniline. The continuous flow process can provide a controlled synthesis of a conducting polymer from an emulsion comprising a polymerizable organic monomer and a free radical initiator in flow within a temperature controlled continuous flow reactor comprising at least one mixing element. The present disclosure also relates to the conducting polymers prepared by the continuous flow process.

A solution composition comprising a conductive polymer, a resin, and a solvent is described. The solution composition has an acid value of 0.0 to 14.5 mgKOH/g or a base value of 0.0 to 1.0 mgHCl/g. The solution composition may be applied to a surface such as a steel surface and dried to obtain a film. The obtained film may be used for rust inhibition.

The present disclosure provides an anisotropic conductive film, a display panel, and manufacturing method thereof. The anisotropic conductive film includes a conductive particle, the conductive particle including a covalent organic framework material, the covalent organic framework material including PyVg-COF. The display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate and an anisotropic conductive film. The method of manufacturing the display panel including: providing a first substrate, coating an anisotropic conductive film on the first substrate, coupling the second substrate to the first substrate, and bonding the first substrate to the second substrate. The present disclosure provides the conductive particles of the covalent organic frame material replace the existing gold ball as an anisotropic conductive film for bonding, thereby saving the manufacturing cost of the gold ball, improving the conductivity and water resistance, and avoiding the bonding contact point being oxidation.

A decorative ring includes a body having a hollow tubular structure and defining a body space. A plurality of electrical energy generating elements is located in the body space and spaced apart from each other. The body space is divided into a plurality of sub-body spaces separated from each other. Each of plurality of electrical energy generating elements includes a first porous electrode, an eggshell membrane, and a second porous electrode stacked on each other in that order. A light emitting element is located on the body and electrically connected to one of the plurality of electrical energy generating elements. A liquid having positive ions and negative ions in the body space.

A compound of formula (I): (Core)n-(X)m wherein Core is a core group; n is 0 and m is 1, or n is 1 and m is at least 1; and X is a group of formula (II): wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are each independently H or a substituent; R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are each a substituent; one of R.sup.1-R.sup.5 is a direct bond or divalent linking group linking the group of formula (II) to Core in the case where n is 1; x and y are 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and the compound of formula (I) is substituted with at least one ionic substituent. The compound may be used as an n-dopant to dope an organic semiconductor. ##STR00001##