Disclosed here is a method for producing a graphene macro-assembly (GMA)-fullerene composite, comprising providing a mixture of graphene oxide and water, adding a hydroxylated fullerene to the mixture, and forming a gel of the hydroxylated fullerene and the mixture. Also described are a GMA-fullerene composite produced, an electrode comprising the GMA-fullerene composite, and a supercapacitor comprising the electrode.

Disclosed here is a method for producing a graphene macro-assembly (GMA)-fullerene composite, comprising providing a mixture of graphene oxide and water, adding a hydroxylated fullerene to the mixture, and forming a gel of the hydroxylated fullerene and the mixture. Also described are a GMA-fullerene composite produced, an electrode comprising the GMA-fullerene composite, and a supercapacitor comprising the electrode.

A hybrid supercapacitor where the charging state is indicated by color is demonstrated. The device comprises a molecular network that functions as both the battery-type electrode and the charge indicator. Related batteries, electrodes and devices, their processes of preparation and methods of use are provided as well. Further included in this invention are data-storage devices and catalysts based on multilayers comprising metal-ion organic complexes. This invention further provides methods of preparation of the multilayers, of the data-storage devices, of the catalyst devices and methods of use thereof.

A hybrid supercapacitor where the charging state is indicated by color is demonstrated. The device comprises a molecular network that functions as both the battery-type electrode and the charge indicator. Related batteries, electrodes and devices, their processes of preparation and methods of use are provided as well. Further included in this invention are data-storage devices and catalysts based on multilayers comprising metal-ion organic complexes. This invention further provides methods of preparation of the multilayers, of the data-storage devices, of the catalyst devices and methods of use thereof.

An electrode material of a supercapacitor includes a negative material prepared by the following steps: first dispersing graphite oxide in deionized water; after stirring and ultrasonic treatment, reducing the graphite oxide into reduced graphene oxide by using a hydrazine hydrate, and vacuum drying at 40-80° C.; dispersing the reduced graphene oxide in a DMF solution with 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone, and stirring and performing the ultrasonic treatment again; at 60-90° C., adding isoamyl nitrite, and reacting for 18-24 h; and washing reaction products with ethanol and deionized water for multiple times, and finally freeze drying to obtain a product.

A nanowire energy storage device such as a nanowire battery or a capacitor having a cathode comprising a plurality of nanowires and an anode comprising a plurality of nanowires interlaced with the plurality of nanowires of the cathode, and embedded in a PMMA gel electrolyte.

A nanowire energy storage device such as a nanowire battery or a capacitor having a cathode comprising a plurality of nanowires and an anode comprising a plurality of nanowires interlaced with the plurality of nanowires of the cathode, and embedded in a PMMA gel electrolyte.

Provided is an electrochemical device including a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. In the electrochemical device, the negative electrode is an electrode containing magnesium, and is in contact with a fullerene analogue-containing layer containing a fullerene analogue. The electrolytic solution of the electrochemical device includes a solvent and a magnesium salt contained in the solvent.

A power system adapted for supplying power in a high temperature environment is disclosed. The power system includes a rechargeable energy storage that is operable in a temperature range of between about seventy degrees Celsius and about two hundred and fifty degrees Celsius coupled to a circuit for at least one of supplying power from the energy storage and charging the energy storage; wherein the energy storage is configured to store between about one one hundredth (0.01) of a joule and about one hundred megajoules of energy, and to provide peak power of between about one one hundredth (0.01) of a watt and about one hundred megawatts, for at least two charge-discharge cycles. Methods of use and fabrication are provided. Embodiments of additional features of the power supply are included.

A novel electrode is provided. A novel power storage device is provided. A conductor having a sheet-like shape is provided. The conductor has a thickness of greater than or equal to 800 nm and less than or equal to 20 μm. The area of the conductor is greater than or equal to 25 mm.sup.2 and less than or equal to 10 m.sup.2. The conductor includes carbon and oxygen. The conductor includes carbon at a concentration of higher than 80 atomic % and oxygen at a concentration of higher than or equal to 2 atomic % and lower than or equal to 20 atomic %.