Disclosed herein is an electrochemical device forming a chip-capacitor or a super-capacitor. The electrochemical device includes: a ceramic substrate having a nonconductive ceramic layer, a current collecting layer disposed on a nonconductive ceramic layer and made of ceramic or cermet, and a metal layer arranged on outer surfaces of the nonconductive ceramic layer and the current collecting layer; an electrode having a positive electrode and a negative electrode and formed on the current collecting layer; and a nonconductive ceramic packaging module located on the ceramic substrate to accommodate electrolyte therein, wherein the metal layer is exposed to the outside of the nonconductive ceramic packaging module.

A method for producing composite particles for an electrochemical device electrode is provided. The composite particles include an electrode active material and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a binder relative to 100 parts by weight of the electrode active material based on a dry weight, the binder having a glass transition temperature of −30 to 30° C. Tha method comprises a step of adjusting a cumulative 10% diameter (D10 diameter) of the composite particles to 20 μm or more and 100 μm or less in a particle diameter distribution in terms of a volume. The composite particles as a powder have a pressure loss of 5.0 mbar or less and a dynamic repose angle of 20° or more and less than 40°.

A method for producing composite particles for an electrochemical device electrode is provided. The composite particles include an electrode active material and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a binder relative to 100 parts by weight of the electrode active material based on a dry weight, the binder having a glass transition temperature of −30 to 30° C. Tha method comprises a step of adjusting a cumulative 10% diameter (D10 diameter) of the composite particles to 20 μm or more and 100 μm or less in a particle diameter distribution in terms of a volume. The composite particles as a powder have a pressure loss of 5.0 mbar or less and a dynamic repose angle of 20° or more and less than 40°.

Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising linear carbonate compounds.

Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising linear carbonate compounds.

One aspect of the present invention is an energy storage device including a negative electrode including a negative electrode substrate and a negative active material layer stacked directly or indirectly on at least one surface of the negative electrode substrate, the negative active material layer containing a negative active material, the negative active material containing hollow graphite particles having a median diameter D1 and solid graphite particles having a median diameter D2 smaller than the median diameter of the hollow graphite particles.

Provided is a process for producing an electrolyte-impregnated laminar graphene structure for use as a supercapacitor electrode. The process comprises (a) preparing a graphene dispersion having multiple isolated graphene sheets dispersed in an electrolyte; and (b) subjecting the graphene dispersion to a forced assembly procedure, forcing the multiple graphene sheets to assemble into an electrolyte-impregnated laminar graphene structure, wherein the multiple graphene sheets are alternately spaced by thin electrolyte layers, less than 5 nm in thickness, and the graphene sheets are substantially aligned along a desired direction, and wherein the laminar structure has a physical density from 0.5 to 1.7 g/cm.sup.3 and a specific surface area from 50 to 3,300 m.sup.2/g, when measured in a dried state of the laminar structure with the electrolyte removed. This process leads to a supercapacitor having a large electrode thickness, high active mass loading, high tap density, and exceptional energy density.

A nitrogen-containing porous carbon material, and a capacitor and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. A carbon material, a macromolecular material and a modified material are mixed into a preform. The modified material includes nitrogen. A formation process is performed on the preform to obtain a formed object. High-temperature sintering is performed on the formed object to decompose and remove a part of the macromolecular material, while the other part of the macromolecular material and the carbon material together form a backbone structure including a plurality of pores. As such, the nitrogen becomes attached to the backbone structure to form a hydrogen-containing functional group to further obtain the nitrogen-containing porous carbon material. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material may form a first nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate and a second nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate, which are placed in seawater to form a storage capacitor for seawater.

A nitrogen-containing porous carbon material, and a capacitor and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. A carbon material, a macromolecular material and a modified material are mixed into a preform. The modified material includes nitrogen. A formation process is performed on the preform to obtain a formed object. High-temperature sintering is performed on the formed object to decompose and remove a part of the macromolecular material, while the other part of the macromolecular material and the carbon material together form a backbone structure including a plurality of pores. As such, the nitrogen becomes attached to the backbone structure to form a hydrogen-containing functional group to further obtain the nitrogen-containing porous carbon material. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material may form a first nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate and a second nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate, which are placed in seawater to form a storage capacitor for seawater.

An electrode for an energy storage device includes carbon black particles having (a) a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area ranging from 70 to 120 m.sup.2/g; (b) an oil absorption number (OAN) ranging from 180 to 310 mL/100 g; (c) a surface energy less than or equal to 15 mJ/m.sup.2; and (d) either an L.sub.a crystallite size less than or equal to 29 Å, or a primary particle size less than or equal to 24 nm.