Described herein is a medical linear accelerator including an accelerator target structure constructed of a material having a thickness of less than 0.2 radiation lengths, and an accelerator structure to receive an electromagnetic wave and generate an output therapy dose rate of electrons having a beam energy between 4-25 mega-electronvolts (MeV).

A thickness of a bonding material (8) is varied in a radial direction orthogonal to a central axis (P) of the tubular anode member (6), the bonding material (8) being used for bonding a transmitting substrate (7) for supporting a target layer (9) and a tubular anode member (6) in a direction along the central axis (P). Thus, a region in which a circumferential tensile stress of the bonding material (8) is alleviated is formed in the direction along the central axis (P) to prevent a crack from developing in the bonding material (8).

A source for generating ionizing radiation and in particular x-rays, to an assembly includes a plurality of sources and to a process for producing the source. The source comprises: a vacuum chamber; a cathode that is able to emit an electron beam into the chamber; an anode that receives the electron beam and that comprises a target that is able to generate ionizing radiation from the energy received from the electron beam; an electrode that is placed in the vicinity of the cathode and that allows the electron beam to be focused; a stopper ensuring the seal tightness of the vacuum chamber; and a mechanical part that is made of dielectric and that forms a portion of the vacuum chamber; and the stopper is fastened to the mechanical part by means of a conductive brazing film that is used to electrically connect the electrode.

X-ray generation apparatus includes X-ray generation tube having cathode and anode, voltage supply for supplying voltage to the X-ray generation tube via conductive line, storage container including first portion forming first space storing the voltage supply, second portion forming second space having width smaller than that of the first space and storing the X-ray generation tube, and connecting portion connecting the first and second portions to form internal space in which the first space and the second space communicate, and insulating member arranged in the internal space to block shortest path between the conductive line and convex portion of the connecting portion. The insulating member is formed by connecting members by adhesive material, and is configured to block linear path between the adhesive material and the conductive line and linear path between the adhesive material and the cathode.

X-ray generation apparatus includes X-ray generation tube having cathode and anode, voltage supply for supplying voltage to the X-ray generation tube via conductive line, storage container including first portion forming first space storing the voltage supply, second portion forming second space having width smaller than that of the first space and storing the X-ray generation tube, and connecting portion connecting the first and second portions to form internal space in which the first space and the second space communicate, and insulating member arranged in the internal space to block shortest path between the conductive line and convex portion of the connecting portion. The insulating member is formed by connecting members by adhesive material, and is configured to block linear path between the adhesive material and the conductive line and linear path between the adhesive material and the cathode.

X-ray transparent insulation can be sandwiched between an x-ray window and a ground plate. The x-ray transparent insulation can include aluminum nitride, boron nitride, or polyetherimide. The x-ray transparent insulation can include a curved side. The x-ray transparent insulation can be transparent to x-rays and resistant to x-ray damage, and can have high thermal conductivity. An x-ray window can have high thermal conductivity, high electrical conductivity, high melting point, low cost, and matched coefficient of thermal conductivity with the anode. The x-ray window can be made of tungsten. For consistent x-ray spot size and location, a focusing plate and a filament can be attached to a cathode with an open channel of the focusing plate aligned with a longitudinal dimension of the filament. Tabs of the focusing plate bordering the open channel can be bent to align with a location of the filament.

An X-ray tube includes: a vacuum housing configured to include an internal space which is vacuum; a target unit configured to be disposed in the internal space, and include a target that generates an X-ray by using an electron beam incident therein, and a target support unit that supports the target, the X-ray generated by the target being transmitted through the target support unit; an X-ray emission window configured to be so provided as to face the target support unit, and seal an opening of the vacuum housing, the X-rays transmitted through the target support unit being transmitted through the X-ray emission window; an elastic member configured to press the target unit in such a direction as to approach the X-ray emission window; and a target shift unit configured to shift the target unit pressed by the elastic member in a direction crossing an incidence direction of the electron beam.

An embodiment of the inventive concept provides an X-ray tube including a chamber having a hollow pillar shape using a first axis as a central axis, a cathode electrode disposed on a bottom surface of the chamber, an emitter provided at a position at which the cathode electrode meets the first axis, an anode electrode including a through-hole using the first axis as a central axis and a target layer inclined to the first axis, a gate electrode disposed between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode and having an opening exposing the emitter, a focusing electrode disposed between the gate electrode and the anode electrode, a window spaced apart from the target layer of the anode electrode, and a window electrode provided on a top surface of the chamber to fix a side surface of the window. Here, the window electrode is grounded.

The present application provides a bipolar x-ray tube module. The bipolar x-ray tube module may include a bipolar x-ray tube and at least two voltage multipliers. The voltage multipliers may be positioned such that the voltage gradient of the first voltage multiplier is substantially parallel to the second voltage multiplier in order to provide a compact configuration.

According to some aspects, a carrier configured for use with a broadband x-ray source comprising an electron source and a primary target arranged to receive electrons from the electron source to produce broadband x-ray radiation in response to electrons impinging on the primary target is provided. The carrier comprising a housing configured to be removably coupled to the broadband x-ray source and configured to accommodate a secondary target capable of producing monochromatic x-ray radiation in response to incident broadband x-ray radiation, the housing comprising a transmissive portion configured to allow broadband x-ray radiation to be transmitted to the secondary target when present, and a blocking portion configured to absorb broadband x-ray radiation.