A method of pre-coating an inner surface of a chamber, which includes a surface of a substrate-supporting support base installed in an internal space in the chamber, includes: forming a first film on the inner surface by supplying a first gas; forming a second film on the first film by supplying a second gas; and forming a third film on the second film by supplying a third gas, wherein a flow rate ratio of a hydrogen-containing gas to a metal source gas in the first gas is set to be higher than flow rate ratios of the hydrogen-containing gas to the metal source gas in the second gas and the third gas, and wherein the flow rate of the metal source gas in the first gas is set to be lower than the flow rates of the metal source gas in the second gas and the third gas.

There is provided a plasma processing apparatus including: a processing container; a first electrode provided inside the processing container and connected to a high-frequency power supply; a second electrode provided inside the processing container to face the first electrode, the second electrode being grounded; and a film thickness calculator connected to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode and configured to calculate a thickness of a film deposited on the at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode.

Plasma source assemblies comprising an RF hot electrode having a body and at least one return electrode spaced from the RF hot electrode to provide a gap in which a plasma can be formed. An RF feed is connected to the RF hot electrode at a distance from the inner peripheral end of the RF hot electrode that is less than or equal to about 25% of the length of the RF hot electrode.

A forming method of a component for use in a plasma processing apparatus includes irradiating, while supplying a source material of a first ceramic and a source material of a second ceramic different from the first ceramic, an energy beam to the source material of the first ceramic and the source material of the second ceramic.

Provided is a batch-type substrate processing apparatus which supplies, into a processing space, a process gas decomposed in a separate space. The substrate processing apparatus includes: a tube; a substrate support part; a gas supply pipe; an exhaust part; and a plasma reaction part, wherein the plasma part may include a plurality of power supply electrode parts and a ground electrode part.

A cleaning solution production system is for cleaning a semiconductor substrate. The system includes a pressure tank, a plasma reaction tank configured to form a plasma in gas bubbles suspended in a decompressed liquid obtained from the pressure tank to thereby generate radical species in the decompressed liquid, a storage tank configured to store a cleaning solution containing the radical species generated in the plasma reaction tank, and a nozzle configured to supply the cleaning solution from the storage tank to a semiconductor substrate.

Methods for fabricating gas discharge tubes. In some embodiments, a method for fabricating a gas discharge tube (GDT) device can include providing or forming an insulator substrate having first and second sides and defining an opening. The method can further include providing or forming a first electrode and a second electrode. The method can further include forming a first glass seal between the first electrode and the first side of the insulator substrate, and a second glass seal between the second electrode and the second side of the insulator substrate, such that the first and second glass seals provide a hermetic seal for a chamber defined by the opening and the first and second electrodes.

An ARC evaporator comprising: —a cathode assembly, —an electrode arranged for enabling that an arc between an electrode and a front surface of the target can be established, and—a magnetic guidance system placed in front of a back surface of the target characterized in that: the magnetic guidance system comprises means placed in a central region for generating at least one magnetic field and means in a peripherical region for generating at least one further magnetic field, wherein the magnetic fields generated in this manner result in a total magnetic field for guiding the arc and controlling the cathode spot path at the front surface of the target, wherein the means placed in the central region comprises one electromagnetic coil for generating a magnetic field and the means placed in the peripherical region comprises two electromagnetic coils for generating two further magnetic fields.

The disclosure provides a metal ion source emitting device comprising a ceramic cylinder, a leading-out electrode chamber and three cathodes hermetically connected, a trigger electrode fixed on a ceramic insulating electrode, a cathode target material fixed on an indirect cooling channel, a limiting electrode fixed on a fixed electrode, the fixed electrode fixing the indirect cooling channel on a cathode cooling pipe, the cathode cooling pipe fixed on a cathode flange, a trigger binding post connected with the trigger electrode, a leading-out electrode and an accelerating electrode arranged right below a cathode in the leading-out electrode chamber, and leading-out slits formed on the accelerating electrode and the leading-out electrode. According to the emitting device, three cathodes can operate simultaneously with only one anode, increasing irradiation area of an ion source, and improving the operating efficiency and energy utilization rate, with a more compact emitting source and larger processing area.

Disclosed are systems, methods, and devices for generating radicals in an air stream at the intake of an internal combustion engine, as well as increasing the thrust of such air streams into the engine. A plasma generator including plasma actuators, dielectric barrier discharge electrodes, or both is positioned in the intake stream. Plasma actuators are disposed on the interior surface of the plasma generator, exposed to the intake stream. Dielectric barrier discharge electrodes protrude into the intake air stream. Plasma, preferably DBD plasma, glow plasma, or filamentary plasma, is generated in the air intake stream, creating radicals in the stream, mixing the radicals in the stream, and reducing drag while increasing thrust of air in the intake stream. A concentric cylinder can be further disposed in the plasma generator, with further plasma actuators, dielectric barrier discharge electrodes, or both, on the interior and exterior surfaces of the cylinder.