Disclosed are systems, methods, and devices for generating radicals in an air stream at the intake of an internal combustion engine, as well as increasing the thrust of such air streams into the engine. A plasma generator including plasma actuators, dielectric barrier discharge electrodes, or both is positioned in the intake stream. Plasma actuators are disposed on the interior surface of the plasma generator, exposed to the intake stream. Dielectric barrier discharge electrodes protrude into the intake air stream. Plasma, preferably DBD plasma, glow plasma, or filamentary plasma, is generated in the air intake stream, creating radicals in the stream, mixing the radicals in the stream, and reducing drag while increasing thrust of air in the intake stream. A concentric cylinder can be further disposed in the plasma generator, with further plasma actuators, dielectric barrier discharge electrodes, or both, on the interior and exterior surfaces of the cylinder.

A method for sterilizing ambient air includes the steps of: a) installing a plasma-based smart window including an atmospheric pressure plasma device which includes first and second transparent flat patterned electrodes sandwiched between a light-transmissive substrate and a light-transmissive cover plate; and b) applying a power supply parameter of a predetermined magnitude between the first and second transparent flat patterned electrodes at ambient temperature and pressure to generate a surface plasma proximate to the light-transmissive substrate or the light-transmissive cover plate so as to inactivate microorganisms in the ambient air.

Provided is a batch type substrate processing apparatus that generates plasma by a plurality of electrodes to perform a processing process on a substrate. The batch type substrate processing apparatus includes a reaction tube, a plurality of electrodes, and an electrode protection part. The plurality of electrodes includes first and second power supply electrodes spaced apart from each other and first and second ground electrodes provided between the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode to correspond to the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode, respectively. The electrode protection part includes a plurality of first electrode protection tubes which have inner spaces in which the first and second power supply electrodes are inserted, respectively, a plurality of second electrode protection tubes which have inner spaces in which the first and second ground electrodes are inserted, respectively, and a plurality of bridge parts configured to connect upper ends of the first electrode protection tube and the second electrode protection tube, which face each other, to each other, respectively.

An article has a body having a protective coating. The protective coating is a thin film that includes a metal oxy-fluoride. The metal oxy-fluoride has an empirical formula of M.sub.xO.sub.yF.sub.z, where M is a metal, y has a value of 0.1 to 1.9 times a value of x and z has a value of 0.1 to 3.9 times the value of x. The protective coating has a thickness of 1 to 30 microns and a porosity of less than 0.1%.

The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes a chamber having a treating space therein; a support unit disposed within the treating space and configured to support a substrate; and a plasma generation unit configured to generate a plasma from a process gas supplied to the treating space; and wherein the plasma generation unit comprises: a bottom electrode member; and a top electrode member opposite to the bottom electrode member, wherein the top electrode member comprises: an electrode plate including an electrode; a first plate made of a different material from the electrode plate; and a second plate, and wherein the second plate, the electrode plate, and the first plate are stacked on one another.

There is provided is a technique that includes: a process chamber in which at least one substrate is processed; and at least one buffer chamber in which plasma is formed, wherein the at least one buffer chamber includes at least two application electrodes of different lengths to which high frequency electric power is applied, and a reference electrode subjected to a reference potential.

A component for a processing chamber includes a ceramic body having at least one surface with a first average surface roughness. The component further includes a conformal protective layer on at least one surface of the ceramic body, wherein the conformal protective layer is a plasma resistant rare earth oxide film having a substantially uniform thickness of less than 300 μm over the at least one surface and having a second average surface roughness that is less than the first average surface roughness.

Systems and methods for plasma processing are disclosed. An exemplary system may include a plasma processing chamber including a source to produce a plasma in the processing chamber and at least two bias electrodes arranged within the plasma processing chamber to control plasma sheaths proximate to the bias electrodes. A chuck is disposed to support a substrate, and a source generator is coupled to the plasma electrode. At least one bias supply is coupled to the at least two bias electrodes, and a controller is included to control the at least one bias supply to control the plasma sheaths proximate to the bias electrodes.

Disclosed are systems, methods, and devices for generating radicals in an air stream at the intake of an internal combustion engine, as well as increasing the thrust of such air streams into the engine. A plasma generator including plasma actuators, dielectric barrier discharge electrodes, or both is positioned in the intake stream. Plasma actuators are disposed on the interior surface of the plasma generator, exposed to the intake stream. Dielectric barrier discharge electrodes protrude into the intake air stream. Plasma, preferably DBD plasma, glow plasma, or filamentary plasma, is generated in the air intake stream, creating radicals in the stream, mixing the radicals in the stream, and reducing drag while increasing thrust of air in the intake stream. A concentric cylinder can be further disposed in the plasma generator, with further plasma actuators, dielectric barrier discharge electrodes, or both, on the interior and exterior surfaces of the cylinder.

Disclosed herein is a substrate processing apparatus capable of adjusting positions of first and second electrodes in advance in consideration of the difference in thermal expansion in order to prevent a short-circuit from occurring due to the contact between the first and second electrodes even if the first and second electrodes are thermally expanded during the process. The substrate processing apparatus is advantageous in that it can prevent the short-circuit between the first and second electrodes even if the first and second electrodes are thermally expanded due to the increase in temperature during the process and can maintain the uniformity of a thin film in the large-area substrate processing apparatus.