The current stability of a field emission electron source and a Schottky electron source where a {100} plane of a hexaboride single crystal is used as an electron emission surface is improved. The electron source includes a tip of a hexaboride single crystal with a <100> axis, in which a top facet of a {100} plane that is surrounded by side facets including at least four {n11} planes and at least four {n10} planes where n represents an integer of 1, 2, or 3 is formed at a front end of the tip of the hexaboride single crystal, and a total area of the side facets of the {n11} planes is more than a total area of the side facets of the {n10} planes.

Provided is a charged particle beam source having an emitter that can be replaced easily. The charged particle beam source includes an electron gun chamber; a first unit including both a supportive insulative member mechanically supporting a cable and a first set of terminals electrically connected to the cable; and a second unit including both the emitter that releases charged particles and a second set of terminals electrically connected to the emitter. The chamber has a side wall provided with a through-hole in which the first unit is secured. The second unit can be detachably mounted to the first unit. Within the chamber, the emitter is placed on an optical axis, so that the first and second sets of terminals are brought into contact with each other.

An electron source has an insulating base, a pair of conductive terminals, an insulating support member, a drift isolation member, an emitter-cathode, and one or more heating elements. The conductive terminals are exposed from a first surface of the insulating base. The insulating support member extends from the first surface of the insulating base. The drift isolation member is disposed at an end of the insulating support member remote from the insulating base. The emitter-cathode is coupled to the drift isolation member. The one or more heating elements are coupled to the conductive terminals and the drift isolation member. The combination of the drift isolation member with the insulating support member can prevent stress-induced drift from impacting position of the emitter-cathode, thereby improving the mechanical stability of the electron source.

A charged particle beam source, such as for use in an electron microscope, can include a mounting member defining a first opening at a free end of the mounting member and a bore extending from the first opening into the mounting member along a longitudinal axis of the mounting member. A second opening can be defined in a side wall of the mounting member and can extend between an outer surface of the mounting member and the bore, the second opening being spaced apart from the first opening along the longitudinal axis of the mounting member. An emitter member can be received in the bore and aligned along the longitudinal axis of the mounting member. A fixative material can be received in the bore and in the second opening to retain the emitter member in the bore.

A system and method for injecting a medication, the system comprising an injection syringe comprising a sensor, an indicator light, and/or a digital meter. The sensor can be a blood vessel sensor, such as, a blood pressure sensor, a pressure sensor, and/or a RAMAN spectroscopy tool. The method can comprise, obtaining the syringe filled with a fluid, inserting the needle, checking the indicator, and based on the indicator, dispensing the fluid.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an emitter that is made of hafnium carbide (HfC) and that releases electrons in a stable and highly efficient manner, a method for manufacturing the emitter, and an electron gun and electronic device in which the emitter is used. In this nanowire equipped emitter, the nanowires are made of hafnium carbide (HfC) single crystal, the longitudinal direction of the nanowires match the <100> crystal direction of the hafnium carbide single crystal, and the end part of the nanowires through which electrons are to be released comprise the (200) face and the {310} face of the hafnium carbide single crystal, with the (200) face being the center and the {311} faces surrounding the (200) face.

A charged particle beam source, such as for use in an electron microscope, can include an electrically conductive support member coupled to a base, a mounting member coupled to the support member and defining a bore, and an emitter member received in the bore and retained by a fixative material layer flowed around the emitter member in the bore.

An electron source has an insulating base, a pair of conductive terminals, an insulating support member, a drift isolation member, an emitter-cathode, and one or more heating elements. The conductive terminals are exposed from a first surface of the insulating base. The insulating support member extends from the first surface of the insulating base. The drift isolation member is disposed at an end of the insulating support member remote from the insulating base. The emitter-cathode is coupled to the drift isolation member. The one or more heating elements are coupled to the conductive terminals and the drift isolation member. The combination of the drift isolation member with the insulating support member can prevent stress-induced drift from impacting position of the emitter-cathode, thereby improving the mechanical stability of the electron source.

An electron gun device according to the present invention emits an electron beam by means of heating to a high temperature in a vacuum. According to the present invention, the surface of a material (108, 125), which emits an electron beam, is a hydrogenated metal that is melted and in a liquid state during a high-temperature operation; the liquid hydrogenated metal is contained in a hollow cover tube container (102, 124), which is in a solid state during the high-temperature operation, in the form of a hydrogenated liquid metal or in the form of a liquid metal before hydrogenation, and heated together with the cover tube container (102, 124) to a high temperature; subsequently, the hydrogenated liquid metal is exposed from the cover tube container (102, 124) and forms a liquid surface where gravity, the electric field and the surface tension of the liquid surface are balanced; and an electron beam is emitted from the exposed surface of the hydrogenated liquid metal.

The invention provides an electron source including a columnar chip of a hexaboride single crystal, a metal pipe that holds the columnar chip of the hexaboride single crystal, and a filament connected to the metal pipe at a central portion. The columnar chip of the hexaboride single crystal is formed into a cone shape at a portion closer to a tip than a portion held in the metal pipe, and a tip end portion having the cone shape has a (310) crystal face. Schottky electrons are emitted from the (310) crystal face. According to the invention, it is possible to provide a novel electron source having monochromaticity, long-term stability of an emitter current, and high current density.