Methods, systems, and apparatuses for a power card for use in a vehicle. The power card includes an N lead frame and a P lead frame, each having a body portion and a terminal portion. The power card includes an O lead frame having a body portion and a cooling portion. The power card includes a first power device located between the body portion of the N lead frame and the body portion of the O lead frame. The power card includes a second power device located between the body portion of the O lead frame and the body portion of the P lead frame, the O lead frame configured to receive heat from the first power device and the second power device by the body portion of the O lead frame and transfer the heat to the cooling portion of the O lead frame for heat dissipation.

A power semiconductor module device includes: a plurality of semiconductor elements that are arranged at intervals and flush with each other on a plane; an insulating support that fixes the semiconductor elements; a first thick-film plating layer that is formed as a first-surface-side electrode that electrically connects the semiconductor elements to each other on at least one surface of a front surface side and a rear surface side. The first thick-film plating layer supports the semiconductor elements from at least one of an upper direction and a lower direction.

Methods of forming semiconductor packages include providing a first insulator layer coupled with a first metallic layer. A recess is formed in the first metallic layer and a semiconductor die is mechanically coupled therein. The die is mechanically coupled with a second metallic layer and the second metallic layer is coupled with a second insulator layer. The die and layers are at least partially encapsulated to form the semiconductor package. The first and/or second metallic layers may be insulator-metal substrates, metal-insulator-metal (MIM) substrates, or may be formed of lead frames. In implementations the package does not include a spacer between the die and the first metallic layer and does not include a spacer between the die and the second metallic layer. In implementations the first insulator layer and the second insulator layer are exposed through the encapsulant or are mechanically coupled with metallic layers exposed through the encapsulant.

A bypass thyristor device includes a semiconductor device providing a thyristor with a cathode electrode on a cathode side, a gate electrode on the cathode side surrounded by the cathode electrode and an anode electrode on an anode side; an electrically conducting cover element arranged on the cathode side and in electrical contact with the cathode electrode on a contact side; and a gate contact element electrically connected to the gate electrode and arranged in a gate contact opening in the contact side of the cover element; wherein the cover element has a gas expansion volume in the contact side facing the cathode side, which gas expansion volume is interconnected with the gate contact opening for gas exchange.

A low parasitic inductance power module, which includes an input power terminal, an output power terminal, a top metal insulating substrate, a bottom metal insulating substrate and a plastic package shell, wherein the input power terminal includes a positive power terminal and a negative power terminal, the top metal insulating substrate and the bottom metal insulating substrate are stacked, chips are sintered on faces of both the top metal insulating substrate and the bottom metal insulating substrate opposite to each other, and the positive power terminal, the negative power terminal, and the output power terminal are all electrically connected with the chips; and the output power terminal includes a welding portion and a connecting portion located outside the plastic package shell, and the welding portion is located between the top metal insulating substrate and the bottom metal insulating substrate.

A low parasitic inductance power module, which includes an input power terminal, an output power terminal, a top metal insulating substrate, a bottom metal insulating substrate and a plastic package shell, wherein the input power terminal includes a positive power terminal and a negative power terminal, the top metal insulating substrate and the bottom metal insulating substrate are stacked, chips are sintered on faces of both the top metal insulating substrate and the bottom metal insulating substrate opposite to each other, and the positive power terminal, the negative power terminal, and the output power terminal are all electrically connected with the chips; and the output power terminal includes a welding portion and a connecting portion located outside the plastic package shell, and the welding portion is located between the top metal insulating substrate and the bottom metal insulating substrate.

Implementations of semiconductor packages may include: a first substrate having a first dielectric layer coupled between a first metal layer and a second metal layer; a second substrate having a second dielectric layer coupled between a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer. A first die may be coupled with a first electrical spacer coupled in a space between and coupled with the first substrate and the second substrate and a second die may be coupled with a second electrical spacer coupled in a space between and coupled with the first substrate and the second substrate.

The invention discloses a parallel electrode combination, which includes a first power module electrode and a second power module electrode, wherein a soldering portion of the first power module electrode and a soldering portion of the second power module electrode are respectively used to connect a copper layer of a power source inside a power module, and a connecting portion of the first power module electrode and a connecting portion of the second power module electrode are opposite in parallel. The invention further discloses a power module and a power module group using the parallel electrode combination. In the invention, the connecting portion of the first power module electrode and the connecting portion of the second power module electrode are opposite in parallel.

A power semiconductor apparatus includes a power semiconductor element having low and high potential side electrodes and a sense electrode, high and low potential side conductors electrically connected with the high potential side electrodes, respectively, a sense wiring electrically connected with the sense electrode, and a first metal portion facing the low potential side conductor or the low potential side conductor across the sense wiring. When viewed from an array direction of the sense wiring and the first metal portion, the sense wiring has a facing portion facing the high or low potential side conductor, the first metal portion forms a recess in a part overlapping the facing portion, and a depth of the recess is formed such that a distance between a bottom of the recess and the sense wiring is larger than a distance between the sense wiring and the high or low potential side conductor.

A semiconductor layer having an opening and a MEMS resonator formed in the opening is disposed between first and second substrates to encapsulate the MEMS resonator. An electrical contact that extends from the opening to an exterior of the MEMS device is formed at least in part within the semiconductor layer and at least in part within the first substrate.