A method for producing a 3D memory device, the method including: providing a first level including a first single crystal layer; forming first alignment marks and control circuits in and on the first level, where the control circuits include first single crystal transistors, where the control circuits include at least two metal layers; forming at least one second level disposed on top of the first level; performing a first etch step within the second level; forming at least one third level disposed on top of the at least one second level; performing a second etch step within the third level; and performing additional processing steps to form a plurality of first memory cells within the second level and a plurality of second memory cells within the third level, where the first memory cells include second transistors, and where the second memory cells include third transistors.

A method for processing a 3D integrated circuit, the method including: providing a first level including a first wafer, the first wafer including a first crystalline substrate, a plurality of first transistors, and first copper interconnecting layers, where the first copper interconnecting layers at least interconnect the plurality of first transistors; processing a second level including a second wafer, the second wafer including a second crystalline substrate, a plurality of second transistors, and second copper interconnecting layers, where the second copper interconnecting layers at least interconnect the plurality of second transistors; then forming a bonded structure by bonding the second level to the first level, where the bonding includes metal to metal bonding, where the bonding includes oxide to oxide bonding; and then performing a lithography process to define dice lines for the bonded structure; and etching the dice lines.

An illumination apparatus comprises a plurality of LEDs aligned to an array of directional optical elements wherein the LEDs are substantially at the input aperture of respective optical elements. An electrode array is formed on the array of optical elements to provide at least a first electrical connection to the array of LED elements. Advantageously such an arrangement provides low cost and high efficiency from the directional LED array.

An illumination apparatus comprises a plurality of LEDs aligned to an array of directional optical elements wherein the LEDs are substantially at the input aperture of respective optical elements. An electrode array is formed on the array of optical elements to provide at least a first electrical connection to the array of LED elements. Advantageously such an arrangement provides low cost and high efficiency from the directional LED array.

A 3D semiconductor device, the device including: a first single crystal layer including a plurality of first transistors; at least one first metal layer disposed above the plurality of first transistors; a second metal layer disposed above the at least one first metal layer; a plurality of second transistors disposed atop the second metal layer; a plurality of third transistors disposed atop the plurality of second transistors; a plurality of fourth transistors disposed atop the plurality of third transistors; a third metal layer disposed above the plurality of fourth transistors; a fourth metal layer disposed above the third metal layer; and a plurality of connecting metal paths from the fourth metal layer or the third metal layer to the second metal layer, where the device includes an array of memory cells, and where at least one of the memory cells includes one of the plurality of third transistors.

A method to form a 3D integrated circuit, the method including: providing a first wafer including a first crystalline substrate, a plurality of first transistors, and first copper interconnecting layers, where the first copper interconnecting layers at least interconnect the plurality of first transistors; providing a second wafer including a second crystalline substrate, a plurality of second transistors, and second copper interconnecting layers, where the second copper interconnecting layers at least interconnect the plurality of second transistors; and then performing a face-to-face bonding of the second wafer on top of the first wafer, where the face-to-face bonding includes copper to copper bonding; and thinning the second crystalline substrate to a thickness of less than 5 micro-meters.

A system and method for manufacturing a packaged component are disclosed. An embodiment comprises forming a plurality of components on a carrier, the plurality of components being separated from each other by kerf regions on a front side of the carrier and forming a metal pattern on a backside of the carrier, wherein the metal pattern covers the backside of the carrier except over regions corresponding to the kerf regions. The method further comprises generating the component by separating the carrier.

A system and method for manufacturing a packaged component are disclosed. An embodiment comprises forming a plurality of components on a carrier, the plurality of components being separated from each other by kerf regions on a front side of the carrier and forming a metal pattern on a backside of the carrier, wherein the metal pattern covers the backside of the carrier except over regions corresponding to the kerf regions. The method further comprises generating the component by separating the carrier.

A power semiconductor device has a substrate on which power semiconductor switches are arranged and has a circuit board which includes conductive first plug-in connection contacts, a capacitor, a capacitor holding element that includes a reception device for receiving the capacitor, a temperature sensor for the capacitor, a temperature sensor holding element that has a plug-in region for conductive second plug-in connection contacts. There are temperature sensor connecting lines which electrically connect the temperature sensor and the second plug-in connection contacts to one another, at least one section of a temperature sensor connecting line being configured as a conductor track on the temperature sensor holding element, the second plug-in connection contacts forming an electrically conductive plug-in connection with the first plug-in connection contacts.

A 3D semiconductor device, the device including: a first single crystal layer including a plurality of first transistors and at least two metal layers; a plurality of logic gates including the at least two metal layers interconnecting the plurality of first transistors; a plurality of second transistors disposed atop the at least two metal layers; a plurality of third transistors disposed atop the second transistors; a top metal layer disposed atop the third transistors; and a memory array including word-lines, where the memory array includes at least two rows by two columns of memory mini arrays, where each of the mini arrays includes at least four rows by four columns of memory cells, where each of the memory cells includes at least one of the second transistors or at least one of the third transistors, and where at least one of the second transistors include a metal gate.