A transfer substrate recycling apparatus is a transfer substrate recycling apparatus including: a first pass line in which an elongated belt-shaped transfer substrate is unwound and conveyed; a second pass line in which an elongated belt-shaped self-adhesive film is unwound and conveyed; a controlling portion configured to control the conveyance of the transfer substrate; a first removal portion provided in the first pass line, the first removal portion being configured to remove an impurity on the transfer substrate by transferring the impurity onto the self-adhesive film; an inspection portion provided on a downstream side from the first removal portion in the first pass line, the inspection portion being configured to inspect a surface of the transfer substrate; and a second removal portion provided in the first pass line, the second removal portion being configured to remove a residual impurity detected by the inspection portion.

A lithium air battery including: a lithium air cell including a cathode configured to use oxygen as cathode active materials, an anode capable of storing and releasing lithium ions, and an electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode; and a water vapour supply unit including a basic metal compound and water, wherein the water vapour supply unit is configured to supply water to the cathode of the lithium air cell.

The present disclosure relates to a membrane electrode assembly including: a polymer electrolyte membrane; an anode catalyst layer formed on one side of the polymer electrolyte membrane; a cathode catalyst layer formed on the other side of the polymer electrolyte membrane; and a porous carbon layer formed on the cathode catalyst layer on the side opposite to the side contacting with the polymer electrolyte membrane and comprising a polymer binder and a carbon particle, and a fuel cell including the same. The present disclosure can prevent water evaporation from an electrolyte under low-humidity environment while minimizing decrease in performance under high-humidity operating environment and can improve fuel cell performance by facilitating the back diffusion of water generated at the cathode.

An anion exchange membrane is made by mixing 2 trifluoroMethyl Ketone [nominal] (1.12 g, 4.53 mmol), 1 BiPhenyl (0.70 g, 4.53 mmol), methylene chloride (3.0 mL), trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFSA) (3.0 mL) to produce a pre-polymer. The pre-polymer is then functionalized to produce an anion exchange polymer. The pre-polymer may be functionalized with trimethylamamine in solution with water. The pre-polymer may be imbibed into a porous scaffold material, such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene to produce a composite anion exchange membrane.

A method of manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly includes: forming an electrolyte membrane containing an ionomer on a base material; applying an electrode slurry containing a catalyst, a binder, and a solvent to a first surface of the electrolyte membrane to form a structure including the electrolyte membrane and an electrode layer laminated on the first surface of the electrolyte membrane; and delaminating the structure from the base material.

An electrolyte membrane of a membrane-electrode assembly is formed by a manufacturing method yielding a membrane with improved chemical durability. The manufacturing method includes preparing an antioxidant solution, mixing the antioxidant solution and a first ionomer dispersion solution, drying the mixture to produce a composite having an antioxidant and a first ionomer surrounding the antioxidant, introducing and mixing the composite with a second ionomer dispersion solution, and applying that mixture to a substrate and drying the mixture to manufacture an electrolyte membrane. The resulting electrolyte membrane includes the composite having an antioxidant in an ionic state and a first ionomer surrounding the antioxidant.

Improved catalyst layers for use in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies, and methods for making such catalyst layers, are provided. Catalyst layers can comprise structured units of catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer. The structured units can provide for more efficient electrical energy production and/or increased lifespan of fuel cells utilizing such membrane electrode assemblies. Catalyst layers can be directly deposited on exchange membranes, such as proton exchange membranes.

The present disclosure relates to a styrene-based copolymer for an electrode binder of a solid alkaline fuel cell, represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, an electrode binder including the same, and a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode binder. The electrode binder for a solid alkaline fuel cell is obtained by dispersing the styrene-based copolymer for an electrode binder in a mixed solvent of alcohol with water. Thus, even when coating electrode catalyst slurry including the electrode binder directly on an electrolyte membrane, the electrolyte membrane is not damaged so that the quality of a solid alkaline fuel cell using the same may be improved.

##STR00001## wherein x is an integer of 2-10, and each of m and n represents the number of repeating units.

A coating system (1) is provided which includes an ultrasonic sprayer (3) capable of spraying a coating fluid onto a target surface (5). A convective or infrared heater (21) is associated with the sprayer and is operable to heat the spray (23) produced by the sprayer (3).

A membrane electrode assembly includes an electrolyte membrane, and a pair of electrodes sandwiching the electrolyte membrane. The pair of electrodes each include a catalyst layer, and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the catalyst layer on an opposite side to the electrolyte membrane. At least one of the catalyst layers contains first catalyst particles, and second catalyst particles. The first catalyst particles are either platinum particles or platinum alloy particles, or both. The second catalyst particles are core-shell particles having a core part and a shell part, the core part formed of at least one selected from transition metals other than platinum, the shell part covering the core part and formed of at least one of platinum and a platinum alloy. In the catalyst layer, the second catalyst particles are present in a smaller percentage in an electrolyte membrane side than they are in a gas diffusion layer side.