A carbon monoxide (CO) tolerant membrane electrode assembly (MEA) includes an ionically-conductive proton exchange membrane, an anode contacting a first side of the membrane and including a hydrophobic bonding agent, an ionomer bonding agent, first catalyst particles, second catalyst particles, and an anode gas diffusion layer (GDL), a cathode contacting a second side of the membrane and including a cathode GDL. The first catalyst particles are configured to preferentially catalyze oxidation of CO, and the second catalyst particles are configured to preferentially catalyze generation of hydrogen ions.

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell including a multi-layered electrolyte layer using a calendering process. The method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell is a continuous process, thus providing high productivity and maximizing facility investment and processing costs. In addition, the solid oxide fuel cell manufactured by the method includes an anode that is free of interfacial defects and has a uniform packing structure, thereby advantageously greatly improving the production yield and power density. In addition, the solid oxide fuel cell has excellent interfacial bonding strength between respective layers included therein, and includes a multi-layered electrolyte layer in which the secondary phase at the interface is suppressed and which has increased density, thereby advantageously providing excellent output characteristics and long-term stability even at an intermediate operating temperature.

A method of producing electrical power includes: a cathode having a porphyrin precursor attached to a substrate, and having a first enzyme, wherein the first enzyme reduces oxygen; an anode having a first region of an anode substrate and having a gold nanoparticle composition located thereon, and having a second region of the anode substrate having an enzyme composition located thereon, wherein the enzyme composition includes a second enzyme, wherein the first region and second region are separate regions; and a neutral fuel liquid in contact with the anode and cathode, the neutral fuel liquid having a neutral pH and a fuel reagent; and operating the fuel cell to produce electrical power with the neutral fuel liquid having the neutral pH and the fuel reagent.

Systems for creating electrodes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells include an XY stage having a heated vacuum table physically coupled to the XY stage. The vacuum table has a working face with a plurality of channels formed therein to communicate vacuum pressure from a port coupled to a vacuum source to the channels. A sheet of perforated heat-conductive material has staggered holes configured to evenly distribute the vacuum pressure from the channels through the perforated sheet. A heat-conductive wire mesh is placed over the perforated sheet, and has openings smaller than the staggered holes such that a membrane material placed on the wire mesh is not deformed by the vacuum pressure. A nanopipette or micropipette coupled to a pump is configured to deposit electrode ink onto an exposed surface of the membrane material as the controller device causes the XY stage to move the vacuum table to control deposition of the electrode ink onto the surface of the membrane material.

The disclosure provides a method for forming noble metal nanostructures on a support. The method comprises mixing one or more noble metal precursor with a first solvent and a base to obtain a noble metal precursor solution; feeding the noble metal precursor solution to a spiral tube reactor; heating the spiral tube reactor containing the noble metal precursor solution to reduce the one or more noble metal precursor to obtain noble metal nanostructures; and mixing a support ink with the noble metal nanostructures obtained after heating, wherein the support ink comprises a second solvent, the support and an ink acid. There are also provided noble metal nanostructures on a support and a use thereof as an electro-catalyst in an electrode for fuel cell applications.

The present invention relates to a flexible electrode, a biofuel cell using the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. The electrode according to the present invention comprises: a non-electrically conductive substrate (10); a base layer (20) disposed on the outer surface of the substrate (10); a nanoparticle layer (31) including metallic nanoparticles and disposed on the outer surface of the base layer (20); and a monomolecular layer (33) including a monomolecular material having an amine group and disposed on the outer surface of the nanoparticle layer (31).

A method for preparing a transition metal electrochemical catalyst according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes dissolving a nitrogen precursor and a transition metal precursor in a polyol-based solvent so as to prepare a solution in which transition metal ions and free anions are coordinated, and mixing same with a support so as to prepare a mixture, igniting the mixture so as to carbonize the polyol-based solvent, thereby forming transition metal nanoparticles encompassed by carbon, performing heat treatment in order to carbonize remaining organic matter contained in the mixture, and removing, through acid treatment, impurities and transition metal nanoparticles not encompassed by carbon, and then removing remaining acid through washing and additional heat treatment, thereby a nanocatalyst having a structure in which a single-atom transition metal-nitrogen bonding structure and/or transition metal nanoparticles encompassed by carbon exist is synthesized.

The present invention relates to an enhanced catalytic nickel oxide sheet having an organic part which includes non-stoichiometric nickel oxides dispersed in an organic matrix, wherein the catalytic sheet is supported on a substrate. The invention also relates to a method for obtaining the catalytic film and to its uses as an electrode in electrocatalysis of water or in photocatalysis.

An apparatus which can include a cathode membrane for a power source is provided. The power source can include a current collector which can include a porous substrate. The power source can include a layer that coats the porous substrate to provide a catalyst for the cathode membrane. The layer can be formed from a mixture of hausmannite and cation intercalated manganese oxide.

Methods of making alkaline exchange catalytic electrodes for electrochemical devices are provided, as well as fuel cells, electrolyzers and dual reversible devices with provided electrodes and/or membrane-electrode assemblies. Methods comprise preparing a catalyst dispersion by mixing catalyst nanoparticles and polymer precursor dispersion in a solvent. The polymer precursor(s) comprise multiple types of monomer units with multiple types of functional groups that include non-cationic functional group(s) and anion-conductive functional group(s). Consecutively, the catalyst dispersion is deposited on a functional substrate and the solvent is evaporated to form a catalyst layer, and then the non-cationic functional group(s) and/or the anion-conductive group(s) are crosslinked to stabilize the catalyst layer. Membrane-electrode assemblies may be formed by the provided methods, and used in various types of electrochemical devices.