An air battery cathode including an organic-inorganic composite material including lyophobic nanopores, the organic-inorganic composite material including a porous metal oxide, and a lyophobic layer on a surface of a pore of the porous metal oxide and having a contact angle of greater than about 90; and a binder. Also a lithium air battery including the cathode, and a method of manufacture the cathode.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a noble metal-modified, graphitized carbon material, comprising providing a graphitized carbon material, wherein the graphitized carbon material has a degree of graphitization of at least 10%, impregnating the graphitized carbon material with a composition and thermal treatment of the impregnated, graphitized carbon material. The composition comprises an organic solvent and at least one organic noble metal complex dissolved in the organic solvent. The invention further relates to a supported catalyst produced by this process and to an electrochemical cell containing this supported catalyst.

A carbon fiber and graphene compounded high-strength porous material, and a gas diffusion layer and a preparation method therefor are provided. The carbon material integrates respective structures and characteristic advantages of a carbon fiber and graphene, complements each other, and has characteristics such as high mechanical strength (the carbon fiber is not cut off), hierarchical pore gradient distribution, good air permeability, good electric conductivity, good thermal conductivity, light weight, and high stability. The preparation method includes process steps such as graphene preparation, filament split of a carbon fiber bundle by spreading a liquid film, adsorption and anchoring of a filament by means of graphene, graphene coating, and high-temperature treatment. In the preparation process of the carbon-based gas diffusion layer, the carbon fiber is not cut off, the strength of the carbon fiber is kept, and the carbon-based gas diffusion layer is suitable for roll-to-roll batch preparation.

Provided are an oxidation-resistant catalyst for fuel cells, a manufacturing method thereof, and a fuel cell including the same. In the case of the catalyst for a fuel cell according to the present disclosure, the fuel cell catalyst according to the present disclosure has oxidation-resistant features of a metal oxide while maintaining the electrical conductivity of a carbon support. Accordingly, catalytic activity of platinum particles, which are the active points in fuel cells, can be improved, and metal oxides can prevent platinum particles from directly interacting with carbon supports, thereby resolving the problem of carbon corrosion at the platinum/carbon interface.

A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a cathode, an electrolyte, a functional layer and an anode support. The anode support comprises A-B-C: A is a nitrate, an oxide, a salt or a carbonate selected from the group of: alkali, alkaline oxide, alkaline earth metal or combinations thereof, B is selected from the group of: Fe, Ni, Cu, Co or combinations thereof, and C is selected from the group of: PSZ, YSZ, SSZ, SDC, Ce doped SSZ, GDC or combinations thereof. In the solid oxide fuel cell A ranges from about 0 to about 20 wt % of the anode support, B ranges from about 0.1 to about 70 wt % of the anode support and C ranges from about 0.1 to about 60 wt % of the anode support.

A method of manufacturing a nanocatalyst for a fuel cell electrode, capable of carrying metal catalyst nanoparticles on a polymer carrier without using a carbon carrier, includes steps of impregnating a conductive polymer carrier with a metal catalyst precursor solution; vacuum-drying the conductive polymer carrier; and heat-treating the conductive polymer carrier at a temperature of 160 to 300 C.

Porous carbon felt electrodes for a redox flow battery can be improved by suitably oxidizing the porous carbon felt or by oxidizing carbon particles impregnated into the porous carbon felt. The electrode resistance and voltage efficiency of cells comprising such electrodes can be substantially improved. The invention is particularly suitable for use in vanadium redox flow batteries.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to electrode structures. In one aspect, a method includes: providing an electrode layer comprising a ceramic, the ceramic being porous; providing a catalyst precursor, the catalyst precursor being a cathode catalyst precursor or an anode catalyst precursor; infiltrating the catalyst precursor in a first side of the electrode layer; after the infiltrating operation, heating the electrode layer to about 750 C. to 950 C., the catalyst precursor forming a catalyst, the catalyst being a cathode catalyst or an anode catalyst; infiltrating the catalyst precursor in the first side of the electrode layer; after the infiltrating operation, heating the electrode layer to about 300 C. to 700 C., the catalyst precursor forming the catalyst, the catalyst being the cathode catalyst or the anode catalyst.

A method of manufacturing a cathode device includes providing a porous substrate and forming a nitrogen-doped graphene layer in the substrate.

A process for incorporating a nanocatalyst on the surface of and within the pores of an electrode comprising subjecting an electrode to a singular template impregnation to form a treated electrode having a bio-template layer; and then subjecting the treated electrode to a singular nano-catalyst impregnation for tethering the nano-catalyst to the treated electrode; and then removing the bio-template layer by performing thermolysis upon the treated electrode for forming a nano-catalyst bonded on the surface and within the pores of the electrode. A modified electrode or product made by this process is provided.