An electrochemical device includes a lithium anode having a red poly(benzonitrile) coating covering at least a portion of the anode; a separator and an air cathode comprising reduced graphene oxide over gas diffusion layer; and an electrolyte comprising an ether solvent, benzonitrile, and a lithium salt.

The present invention relates to a membrane electrode unit comprising a polymer membrane doped with a mineral acid as well as two electrodes, characterized in that the polymer membrane comprises at least one polymer with at least one nitrogen atom and at least one electrode comprises a catalyst which is formed from at least one precious metal and at least one metal less precious according to the electrochemical series.

The use of an electrocatalyst material in an anode catalyst layer, wherein the electrocatalyst material comprises a support material, the support material comprising a plurality of individual support particles or aggregates wherein each individual support particle or aggregate has dispersed thereon (i) first particles and (ii) second particles, wherein: (i) the first particles comprise Pt optionally alloyed with an alloying metal X1; wherein the optional alloying metal X1 is selected from the group consisting of Rh, Ti, Os, V, Co, Ni, Ga, Hf, Sn, Ir, Pd, Mo, Zn, W, Zr and Re; (ii) the second particles consist essentially of a second metal or a second metal compound wherein the second metal is selected from the group consisting of Ir and Ru and the second metal compound comprises IrX2 wherein X2 is selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Ru, Ni and Co; and wherein if the first particles consist of Pt then the second particles do not comprise IrTa; and wherein if the first particles consist of Pt without alloying metal X1 and the second particles consist essentially of a second metal which is Ir, each individual support particle or aggregate of the support material of the electrocatalyst material has dispersed thereon only the said first and second particles; or wherein each individual support particle or aggregate has dispersed thereon (i) first particles and (ii) third particles, wherein: (iii) the third particles comprise Au or a third metal alloy; wherein the third metal alloy is selected from the group consisting of AuX3 and PdX4, wherein X3 is selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Cu, Ir and Sn; and X4 is selected from the group consisting of Hg, Au, Sn, Co, Ni, Ga, In, Zn, W and Pb.

The invention relates to a method for producing a catalyst-coated polymer membrane for an electrolyser and/or a fuel cell. In a first step, the method preferably comprises the provision of a glass-ceramic substrate. A mesoporous catalyst layer is then preferably synthesized on the glass-ceramic substrate. In a next step, a polymer membrane is preferably pressed onto the glass-ceramic substrate coated with the catalyst layer at a first temperature T.sub.1. This results in a sandwich structure. In a final process step, the sandwich structure is separated, the catalyst layer being separated from the glass-ceramic substrate and adhering to the polymer membrane.

In addition, the invention relates to a polymer membrane which has been produced by the process of the type mentioned at the outset, and to an electrolyser or a fuel cell having such a polymer membrane.

A method for producing a functionalized structurized composition for a fuel cell is provided, involving: applying at least one electrode containing catalyst particles to a substrate layer in a coating step, and introducing a depth structure in an electrode surface facing away from the substrate layer in a radiation step by means of using laser interference structurization. A membrane electrode assembly is also provided.

The present disclosure provides a gas diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The gas diffusion layer is a graphene membrane, and graphene lamellae in the graphene membrane are arranged irregularly. The present disclosure further provides a preparation method for the gas diffusion layer, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell including the gas diffusion layer.

The various embodiments of the present invention provide a method of fabricating carbon felt based electrodes without any binder additive. A coating of conductive polymer adhesives is applied on the current collector. The carbon felts are placed on either side of the current collector to get an assembly. The assembly comprising current collector and carbon felt is placed between the plates of hot press with predetermined conditions for curing the adhesive applied on the surface of current collector and to obtain sandwich structure of electrode. The sandwich structure of electrode is subjected under a roller and pressed depending on required thickness and porosity of the electrodes. The electrodes are cut into desired shape using electrode cutting die in tailoring process. The prepared carbon felt based electrode illustrates high flexibility and mechanical robustness when compared to carbon felt electrodes that are binder based and brittle in nature.

A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) includes an ionically-conductive proton exchange membrane. Further, the MEA includes an anode contacting a first side of the membrane. The anode includes an anode gas diffusion layer (GDL). Further, the anode includes a first anode catalyst layer containing first catalyst particles, a hydrophobic polymer bonding agent, and a first ionomer bonding agent that lacks functional chains on a molecular backbone. The anode also includes a second anode catalyst layer containing second catalyst particles and a second ionomer bonding agent that includes functional chains on a molecular backbone. The MEA also includes a cathode contacting a second side of the membrane and comprising third catalyst particles and a cathode GDL.

Fuel cell electrocatalysts and support structures thereof are described herein. The support structures include a suboxide core comprising an oxygen deficient metal oxide and a dopant, and an outer shell covering the suboxide core. The outer shell comprises the dopant in oxide form. The dopant of the suboxide core provides for the suboxide core to be conductive. Methods of forming fuel cell electrocatalysts and support structures thereof are also described herein.

The manufacturing method of a palladium transition metal core-based core-shell electrode catalyst according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first step of preparing a slurry by irradiating ultrasonic wave to a dispersion solution including a solvent, a platinum precursor, a palladium precursor, a carbon support, and a transition metal precursor, a second step of preparing a solid material by filtering, washing, and drying the slurry prepared in the first step, and a third step of preparing a core-shell electrode catalyst by thermally treating the solid prepared in the second step in a specific gas atmosphere.