Provided is a catalyst layer for fuel cell having improved heat-dissipating performance and durability. The catalyst layer for fuel cell according to the present invention is a catalyst layer for fuel cell comprising a first composite and a second composite, wherein the first composite includes: a supporting material, a catalyst including metal particles supported on the supporting material, and a first ionomer coated on the surface of the catalyst; the second composite includes a heat-dissipating material and a second ionomer, the second ionomer is not coated on the surface of the catalyst, and the first ionomer and the second ionomer are identical with or different from each other.

An ink for forming nanofiber fuel cell electrodes, and methods of ink formulations, and membrane-electrode-assemblies for electrochemical devices. The ink includes a first amount of a catalyst, a second amount of an ionomer in a salt form, and a third amount of a carrier polymer dispersed in one or more solvents, where a weight ratio of the first amount to the second and third amounts is in a range of about 1-1.5, and a weight ratio of the second amount to the third amount is in a range of about 1-3. The ink has a solids concentration in a range of about 1-30 wt %. Preferably, the solids concentration is in a range of about 10-15%.

A method of making a fuel cell including the following steps: comprising: (a) mixing carbon nanotubes (CNT) with an initial dispersion, wherein the initial dispersion includes an ionomer; (b) heating and stirring the initial dispersion to form a CNT-ionomer composite suspension; (c) after forming the CNT-ionomer composite suspension, mixing the CNT-ionomer composite suspension with an electrode catalyst solution to form an electrode ink, wherein the electrode catalyst solution includes a carbon black powder and a catalyst supported by the carbon black powder; and (d) coating a proton exchange membrane with the electrode ink to form the fuel cell electrode.

A fuel cell electrode protective layer forming method is disclosed. The method includes forming primary defects in a carbon-based protective layer material via a formation step. The primary defects are configured to transport fuel cell products and/or reactants representing a transported portion of a total fuel cell products and/or reactants. The difference between the total fuel cell products and/or reactants and the transported portion is an untransported portion. The method further includes activating secondary defects in the carbon-based protective layer material via an activation step. The secondary defects are configured to transport a portion of the untransported portion of the total fuel cell reactants and/or products. The activation step is different than the formation step.

A method for the production of an electrode for a fuel cell is provided that comprises providing a multitude of catalyst particles carried on at least one electrically conductive particle carrier, and depositing one or more atomic or molecular layers of an ionomer from the gas phase on the catalyst particles and/or the at least one particle carrier, thereby forming a proton-conducting ionomer coating. Furthermore, an electrode for a fuel cell is also provided.

A polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode includes a coaxial nanowire electrode. In some embodiments, the coaxial nanowire electrode comprises a plurality of ionomer nanowires, and a catalyst coating that coats at least part of the ionomer nanowires. Moreover, in some embodiments, a nanowire of the plurality of ionomer nanowires and a section of the catalyst coating that coats the nanowire form two coaxial cylinders.

Disclosed are a catalyst complex and a method of manufacturing the same. The catalyst complex may be manufactured by uniformly depositing metal catalyst particles on pretreated support particles through an atomic layer deposition process using a fluidized-bed reactor, which may be then uniformly dispersed throughout the ionomer solution. As such, manufacturing costs may be reduced due to the use of a small amount of metal catalyst particles and the durability of an electrolyte membrane and OCV may increase. Further disclosed are a method of manufacturing the catalyst complex, an electrolyte membrane including the catalyst complex, and a method of manufacturing the electrolyte membrane.

The present invention relates to a protonic ceramic fuel cell and a method of making the same. More specifically, the method relates to a cost-effective route which utilizes a single moderate-temperature (less than or equal to about 1400 C.) sintering step to achieve the sandwich structure of a PCFC single cell (dense electrolyte, porous anode, and porous cathode bone). The PCFC layers are stably connected together by the intergrowth of proton conducting ceramic phases. The resulted PCFC single cell exhibits excellent performance (about 450 mW/cm.sup.2 at about 500 C.) and stability (greater than about 50 days) at intermediate temperatures (less than or equal to about 600 C.). The present invention also relates to a two step method for forming a PCFC, and the resulting PCFC.

A planar type solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly, a thin and light planar type solid oxide fuel cell omits a window frame and has a simplified a unit cell having a through hole through which fuel and air flow in/out a fuel electrode.

A catalyst layer, includes: a carrier; metal particles located over the carrier; an underlayer located on the carrier; and an ionomer-based layer located over the underlayer, wherein the underlayer includes a polymer material, and covers at least parts of the metal particles, and the ionomer-based layer includes a proton-conducting resin. A fuel cell electrode includes the catalyst layer, and a fuel cell including the above catalyst layer. A method for producing a catalyst layer, includes: bringing at least one first solution including a polymer material into contact with a metal-particle-supported carrier to form an underlayer; and bringing a second solution including a proton-conducting resin into contact with the metal-particle-supported carrier to coat said metal-particle-supported carrier with the proton-conducting resin.