A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes a ceramic electrolyte having a thickness of 100 microns or less, an anode laminated to a first side of the electrolyte, and a cathode located on a second side of the electrolyte opposite to the first side.

The present technology is directed to a solid oxide cell that may be used as a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolyser cell. The solid oxide cell is configured to avoid deformation caused by differential shrinking via incorporation of an oxygen barrier layer which mitigates the damage caused by the introduction of an oxidizing environment in the anode cavity during the operation of the solid oxide cell as a solid oxide fuel cell.

Electrochemical reaction fuel cell system, comprising: a cathode (8), an anode (1), one at least of the anode and of the cathode comprising at least one metal, one metal hydroxide or one metal oxide in the molten state, a solid electrolyte (7), placed between the cathode and the anode, at least one regenerator (4) for regenerating, starting from one at least of the oxidation-reduction reaction products which is recovered at at least one of the anode and of the cathode, by a reaction, at least one of the products constituting at least one of the anode or of the cathode or the fuel or oxidizer consumed at at least one of the anode or of the cathode, one of the regeneration products being reintroduced into the system as electrode made of liquid metal or liquid metal oxide or in the form of fuel or oxidizer, one of the reactions making possible said regeneration or making possible the regeneration of one of the reactants of the oxidation-reduction reaction being endothermic.

An electrode includes electrolyte particles and Ni-based particles. The electrolyte particles contain Gd-doped CeO.sub.2 (GDC) and/or Gd- and La-doped CeO.sub.2 (La-GDC). The Ni-based particles are composed of core-shell particles in which a surface of a core composed of Ni or a Ni-based alloy is partially or fully covered by a shell composed of a composite oxide containing NiO or Ni.

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes a ceramic electrolyte having a thickness of 100 microns or less, an anode laminated to a first side of the electrolyte. and a cathode located on a second side of the electrolyte opposite to the first side.

A solid oxide cell comprising: a substrate comprising a first region and a second region; and a catalyst material deposited in the form of particles in each of the first region and the second region, and comprising a first catalyst material group deposited in the first region and a second catalyst material group deposited in the second region, wherein power is applied to an electrode including the substrate, based on operating in a first mode, a first form of a catalyst material of the first catalyst material group and a second form of a catalyst material of the second catalyst material group are different, and based on operating in a second mode, the first form of the first catalyst material group and a third form of a catalyst material of the second catalyst material group are different.

A method for preparing a transition metal electrochemical catalyst according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes dissolving a nitrogen precursor and a transition metal precursor in a polyol-based solvent so as to prepare a solution in which transition metal ions and free anions are coordinated, and mixing same with a support so as to prepare a mixture, igniting the mixture so as to carbonize the polyol-based solvent, thereby forming transition metal nanoparticles encompassed by carbon, performing heat treatment in order to carbonize remaining organic matter contained in the mixture, and removing, through acid treatment, impurities and transition metal nanoparticles not encompassed by carbon, and then removing remaining acid through washing and additional heat treatment, thereby a nanocatalyst having a structure in which a single-atom transition metal-nitrogen bonding structure and/or transition metal nanoparticles encompassed by carbon exist is synthesized.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to method of forming an electrocatalyst structure on an electrode, comprising depositing a first layer on the electrode using atomic layer deposition (ALD), wherein the first layer comprises a plurality of discrete nanoparticles of a first electrocatalyst, and depositing one or more of a second layer on the first layer and the electrode using ALD, wherein the one or more second layer comprises a second electrocatalyst, wherein the first layer and the one or more second layers, collectively, form a multi-layer electrocatalyst structure on the electrode. Also disclosed are electrodes having a multi-layer electrocatalyst structure. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A fuel electrode layer of the present disclosure is used in a solid oxide-type electrochemical cell. The fuel electrode layer has catalyst material particles, solid electrolyte particles, and at least one metal M selected from a group consisting of metals having a standard electrode potential more negative than that of Ni. The catalyst material particle includes Ni as its primary component, and further includes the metal M. The solid electrolyte particle includes a ceria-based oxide as its primary component, and further includes the metal M. A solid oxide-type electrochemical cell of the present disclosure has the fuel electrode layer described above, a solid electrolyte layer, and an air electrode layer, which is formed as a counter electrode to the fuel electrode layer, in this order.