An electrode, in particular a gas diffusion electrode, for a metal-oxygen battery. To achieve an improved performance output, e.g., an improved energy density or an improved capacity, the electrode includes a porous carrier substrate on which a porous active material is situated, the electrode having a gradient of medium pore sizes between the carrier substrate and the active material. Also described is an energy store including the electrode as described.

An electrode, in particular a gas diffusion electrode, for a metal-oxygen battery. To achieve an improved performance output, e.g., an improved energy density or an improved capacity, the electrode includes a porous carrier substrate on which a porous active material is situated, the electrode having a gradient of medium pore sizes between the carrier substrate and the active material. Also described is an energy store including the electrode as described.

A mixed reactant fuel cell (MRFC) including a MRFC-optimized electrocatalyst utilizing a combination of selective catalysts and selective fuel distributors.

A mixed reactant fuel cell (MRFC) including a MRFC-optimized electrocatalyst utilizing a combination of selective catalysts and selective fuel distributors.

The fuel cell device includes an electrode assembly. A gas diffusion layer is on each side of the electrode assembly. A solid, non-porous plate is adjacent each of the gas diffusion layers. A hydrophilic soak up region is near an inlet portion of at least one of the gas diffusion layers. The hydrophilic soak up region is configured to absorb liquid water from the electrode assembly when the fuel cell device is shutdown.

A fuel cell is formed by laminating a plurality of cells. Each cell includes a membrane electrode assembly and two separators, which hold the membrane electrode assembly in between. Each separator includes a base member made of a metal material. A first layer is provided on the surface of the base member. The first layer includes a resin film and conductive particles that have greater hardness than the oxide film of the base member. Between the separators that are adjacent to each other, the first layers are in contact with each other.

Devices and methods for generating electricity in a direct carbon fuel cell are provided herein. The method includes heating and melting an alloy to obtain a liquid alloy anode; circulating the liquid alloy anode through a porous ceramic cathode, the cathode being a tubular structure and in communication with oxygen; reducing the oxygen at the porous cathode to obtain oxygen ions for diffusing through an electrolyte to the liquid alloy anode; and oxidizing the oxygen ions at the liquid alloy anode thereby generating electricity. The direct carbon fuel cells have high electronic conductivity, high carbon solubility with fast carbon diffusion, lower viscosity and eutectic temperatures, and rapid fuel dissolution kinetics.

Devices and methods for generating electricity in a direct carbon fuel cell are provided herein. The method includes heating and melting an alloy to obtain a liquid alloy anode; circulating the liquid alloy anode through a porous ceramic cathode, the cathode being a tubular structure and in communication with oxygen; reducing the oxygen at the porous cathode to obtain oxygen ions for diffusing through an electrolyte to the liquid alloy anode; and oxidizing the oxygen ions at the liquid alloy anode thereby generating electricity. The direct carbon fuel cells have high electronic conductivity, high carbon solubility with fast carbon diffusion, lower viscosity and eutectic temperatures, and rapid fuel dissolution kinetics.

An electrode unit and an electrode system comprising the same, wherein the electrode unit has an electrode catalyst layer consisting of a material comprising electrically conductive diamond particles; the electrode system having the above electrode unit includes an anode and a cathode, and the anode and/or cathode employs the electrode unit, the electrode system further including a PEM film; the anode and the cathode are respectively disposed on two sides of the PEM film. The use of electrically conductive diamond particles as the electrode catalyst layer does not require the use of base materials such as metals or semiconductors or ceramics, and machining problem and the problem relating to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient do not exist, thereby significantly reducing the manufacturing cost.

Provided a gas diffusion layer for fuel cells, the gas diffusion layer including: a carbon substrate; and a microporous layer formed on the carbon substrate, wherein the microporous layer comprises first carbon particles having a partially graphitized structure and a water-repellent binder resin binding the first carbon particles, and the microporous layer further comprises a cerium compound, a nitrogen-doped cerium compound, nitrogen-doped second carbon particles having a partially graphitized or non-graphitized structure, or a mixture of two or more, as a radical scavenger capable of removing hydrogen peroxide generated at a fuel cell open circuit potential or a higher potential. In the membrane electrode assembly and the fuel cell each employing the gas diffusion layer having excellent durability according to one or more embodiments, chemical or electrochemical degradation may be effectively prevented over a long period of time, and thus excellent electrochemical performance may be obtained over a long period of time. This leads to an extended lifetime of the fuel cell.