An undulating structure for use in a fuel cell includes a plurality of peaks and valleys. A method of making a structure for use in a fuel cell includes providing a mesh or screen sheet having one or more edges, forming the mesh or screen sheet into an undulating structure and treating one or more of the edges. A flow field for a fuel cell, comprising at least one metal mesh or screen, wherein the at least one metal mesh or screen includes a plurality of peaks and valleys. A fuel cell, comprising a first corrugated mesh or screen positioned within an anode of the fuel cell, a second corrugated mesh or screen positioned within a cathode of the fuel cell, and a membrane positioned between the first corrugated mesh or screen and the second corrugated mesh or screen.

An undulating structure for use in a fuel cell includes a plurality of peaks and valleys. A method of making a structure for use in a fuel cell includes providing a mesh or screen sheet having one or more edges, forming the mesh or screen sheet into an undulating structure and treating one or more of the edges. A flow field for a fuel cell, comprising at least one metal mesh or screen, wherein the at least one metal mesh or screen includes a plurality of peaks and valleys. A fuel cell, comprising a first corrugated mesh or screen positioned within an anode of the fuel cell, a second corrugated mesh or screen positioned within a cathode of the fuel cell, and a membrane positioned between the first corrugated mesh or screen and the second corrugated mesh or screen.

Metal-halogen flow battery cell, stack, system, and method, the stack including flow battery cells that each include an impermeable first electrode, an insert disposed on the first electrode and comprising sloped channels, a cell frame disposed around the insert and including a cell inlet manifold configured to provide a metal halide electrolyte and an opposing cell outlet manifold configured to receive the electrolyte, a porous second electrode disposed on the insert, such that sloped separation zones are formed between the second electrode and the channels, conductive connectors electrically connecting the first and second electrodes, and ribs disposed on the second electrode and extending substantially parallel to the channels of the insert. A depth of the channels increases as proximity to the cell outlet manifold increases.

A storage cell has an air electrode, connected to an air supply device, and a storage device. Channels for receiving a storage medium rest on the storage electrode. In addition, partition walls for partitioning off the channels with respect to one another are provided. The partition walls have a recess in the region of the storage electrode. This recess serves the purpose of spacing apart the storage medium from the storage electrode.

A storage cell has an air electrode, connected to an air supply device, and a storage device. Channels for receiving a storage medium rest on the storage electrode. In addition, partition walls for partitioning off the channels with respect to one another are provided. The partition walls have a recess in the region of the storage electrode. This recess serves the purpose of spacing apart the storage medium from the storage electrode.

The invention relates to a stack of several electrochemical cells stacked on top of one another in a stacking direction. The stack comprises at least: a first electrochemical cell, a second electrochemical cell, and an intercalary plate. Each cell includes an upper frame housing a first electrode and a lower frame housing a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being separated from one another by a membrane. The second electrode of the first electrochemical cell and the first electrode of the second electrochemical cell are separated by an intercalary plate. The stack includes an intercalary frame arranged on the periphery of the intercalary plate.

The invention relates to a stack of several electrochemical cells stacked on top of one another in a stacking direction. The stack comprises at least: a first electrochemical cell, a second electrochemical cell, and an intercalary plate. Each cell includes an upper frame housing a first electrode and a lower frame housing a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being separated from one another by a membrane. The second electrode of the first electrochemical cell and the first electrode of the second electrochemical cell are separated by an intercalary plate. The stack includes an intercalary frame arranged on the periphery of the intercalary plate.

An electrochemical reactor including: a diaphragm/electrodes assembly; at least one first reinforcement attached to one of the surfaces of the diaphragm and surrounding either the anode or the cathode; a conductive bipolar plate including a first flow manifold passing therethrough, one first surface including flow channels from a cathode reactive area and moreover including cathode homogenization channels placing the cathode reactive area in communication with the first collector; and at least one element from among the diaphragm and the first reinforcement not covering the cathode homogenization channels, depth of the cathode homogenization channels being greater than depth of the flow channels of the cathode reactive area.

In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for operating a molten carbonate fuel cell at increased fuel utilization and/or increased CO.sub.2 utilization. This can be accomplished in part by performing an effective amount of an endothermic reaction within the fuel cell stack in an integrated manner. This can allow for a desired temperature differential to be maintained within the fuel cell.

A fuel cell plate is provided that includes a flow field having a plurality of channels each with an inlet end, and a header in fluid communication with the inlet ends. The header has at least one restricted flow region in which fluid flow is restricted to the inlet ends of a set of channels of the flow field and at least some of the plurality of channels include a pressure drop feature that is configured to increase fluid flow to the set of channels.