A glow plug includes a housing formed of a metal or metal alloy and having a first end having a first opening, and an opposing second end having a second opening, a heating element extending through the first opening and having a working end that is exposed outside of the first end of the housing and an opposing terminal end that is located inside of the housing, a brazed sealant assembly connected to the second end of the housing, first and second terminal wires that extend through the brazed sealant assembly and are electrically connected to the terminal end of the heating element, and a dielectric disk located inside of the housing and surrounding a portion of the terminal end of the heating element.

A novel multi cell stack architecture has specific features allowing deployment of simple electrical instrumentation of data collection/monitoring of crucial hydraulic, electrical and electrochemical quantities, on the basis of which the operator or electronic controller is able to gather/process critical information of such a depth and enhanced reliability, for immediately identifying any cell in state of sufferance and eventually to exclude it from the system and possibly substitute it with a spare cell. A method of monitoring/controlling the operation of an all-vanadium redox flow battery system is also disclosed.

A cell unit constituting a fuel cell is provided with a first electrolyte membrane/electrode structure, a first separator, a second electrolyte membrane/electrode structure, and a second separator. The first and second electrolyte membrane/electrode structures respectively have a frame section on the outer periphery, and the frame sections are formed with a fluid communicating hole extending in the stacking direction. The first and second separators are disposed towards the inside of the fluid communication hole and are respectively provided with two metal plates which have the same shape and which are stacked on one another.

The present invention relates to a microbial fuel cell using an electron absorber having high reduction potential, and a method of generating electric energy using same, and more specifically, to: a microbial fuel cell in which an electron absorber solution having high reduction potential is used as a reduction electrolyte, an organic solution that is an electron donor is used as an oxidization electrolyte, the reduced reduction electrolyte is regenerated through electrolysis in an electrolysis battery and re-supplied to the reduction electrolyte, a separation membrane provided with one or more O-rings in order to prevent leakage is included, hydrogen gas generated from the electrolysis can be supplied to a fuel cell to generate additional electric energy, such that a large quantity of electric power can be generated cost-efficiently, energy from an existing electricity generation system, such as solar electric energy.

The present disclosure discloses a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for the flow battery system, and an electrode element for the battery monitoring device and a manufacturing method thereof. The battery monitoring device includes a positive end plate, a positive electrode element, a negative end plate, a negative electrode element, electrolyte supply channels, electrolyte discharge channels, a separator, and a voltage measurement unit. The positive electrode element penetrates through the positive end plate and includes an electrode rod and a signal transmission portion that protrudes from an outer surface of the positive end plate. The negative electrode element penetrates through the negative end plate and includes an electrode rod and a signal transmission portion that is projected on an outer surface of the negative end plate. The separator is between the positive end plate and the negative end plate.

A fuel cell separator with a gasket for improved sealing is provided. The fuel cell separator with a gasket is capable of improving the contact pressure of a cooling surface-side airtight line by additionally forming a sub-airtight line in a region in which a gas aperture is not formed at a cooling surface-side position that corresponds to the cooling surface-side airtight line of the separator.

A sealing structure includes a first connector body having a groove, a second connector body encompassing the first connector body, an O-ring partially received in the groove of the first connector body, and a variable back-up ring partially received in the groove of the first connector body and holding the O-ring. The variable back-up ring is deformable in a radial direction depending on a magnitude of a fluid pressure applied between the first connector body and the second connector body.

Proposed is a fuel cell membrane humidifier that can maintain high humidifying efficiency by enabling high-humidity gas discharged from a stack of a hydrogen fuel cell to make uniform contact with the entire upper, middle, and lower parts of a hollow fiber membrane module without a dead zone, and improve airtightness and assemblability between a main housing coupled to a cartridge, an inlet housing, and an outlet housing. The fuel cell membrane humidifier includes the main housing in which a flow-in section forming an inlet portion for humid gas, a flow-out section forming an outlet portion for the gas, and at least one or more cartridge support portions are integrally formed, and a hollow fiber membrane cartridge including at least one or more outer flanges on a cartridge housing, having a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules inside the cartridge housing, and separating the flow-in section from the flow-out section.

A fuel cell stack includes at least a fuel cell stack body with a plurality of unit fuel cells, wherein each unit fuel cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode assembly, which are alternatingly stacked in a stacking direction, a first and second terminal plate sandwiching the fuel cell stack body, wherein the first and second terminal plate are adapted to collect the electric energy generated by the fuel cell stack body, a first insulation plate and a second insulation plate sandwiching the terminal plates, wherein the insulation plates are adapted to electrically insulate the terminal plates, and a first and second end plate sandwiching the insulation plates, wherein at least one first sealing element is arranged between at least one insulation plate and the adjacent end plate.

A fuel cell for aircraft with a cell stack having an anode, a cathode and a proton exchange membrane. A frontal end plate is placed at one end of the cell stack and a rear end plate is placed at the other end of the cell stack. An insulating panel made from a polymer material is placed between the cell stack and one or both of the frontal end plate and the rear end plate.